PRACTICE NOTES
Updated March 2025
Introduction
The European Commission anticipates that Poland’s GDP growth in 2025 will continue to trail the EU average for a third year in a row. In a volatile setting, provisional data from the Central Statistical Office show GDP in 2024 rose by a modest 2.5% versus 2023, easing from 4.9% in 2022. This tempo points to a measured rebound from earlier strains, chiefly elevated inflation and higher interest rates. Although the final quarter of 2024 recorded some improvement, with year-on-year growth of 3%, it still fell short of expectations. Weaker consumer outlays, held back by flat real wages and pricier credit, have weighed on activity, while geopolitical developments are also exerting pressure. Nevertheless, infrastructure spending and a recovery in exports have offered partial support. Economists expect growth to settle in 2025, though ongoing geopolitical tensions and wider global
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