Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Paris Convention definition

What does Paris Convention mean? In practice, “Paris Convention” refers to the treaty-based regime that fixes strict, exclusive (channelled) third‑party civil liability on nuclear operators for damage caused by a nuclear incident at a nuclear installation or during the transport of nuclear substances. Formally the Paris Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy (1960), as amended (including the 2004 Protocol), it sets minimum liability amounts, requires financial security/insurance, establishes exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the state of the incident, and imposes limitation periods. Compensable “nuclear damage” (as implemented) includes death and personal injury, property damage, specified economic loss and certain...

1960 Paris Convention on Nuclear Third‑Party Liability: overview and UK implementation

Published by a LexisNexis Energy expert

Practice notes

Issue Details

Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy (Paris Convention)

Parties: 16 parties
Revisions:
- 1963 Convention Supplementary to the Paris Convention (Brussels Supplementary Convention — entered into force on 4 December 1974)
- 1964 Protocol — entered into force on 1 April 1968
- 1982 Protocol — entered into force on 7 October 1988
- 2004 Protocol — 1 January 2022
Location: Paris
Adopted: 29 July 1960
Came into force: 1 April 1968
Subject: Nuclear Liability

What is the international liability regime for nuclear damage?

Civil liability for nuclear harm is defined by four principal instruments: the 1960 Paris Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy (Paris Convention); the 1963 Brussels Convention Supplementary to the Paris Convention (Brussels Supplementary Convention); the 1963 Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage (Vienna Convention); and the Convention on Supplementary Compensation (CSC). These treaties collectively embody shared fundamentals: responsibility for ‘nuclear damage’ rests solely with the operator of the nuclear installation, with all claims channelled exclusively to that operator. In practice, this approach ensures potential claimants have a single, clearly identifiable party against whom to bring proceedings should a nuclear incident occur...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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