Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

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Key definition

Adoption definition

What does Adoption mean? Adoption is the court process by which an adult or couple becomes a child’s legal parent(s), permanently replacing the legal status of the birth parent(s). When an adoption order is made, parental responsibility (England & Wales and Northern Ireland) or parental responsibilities and rights (Scotland) transfers in full to the adopter(s); the birth parents’ legal rights and duties are extinguished, subject to any contact the court may authorise. The child is treated in law as the child of the adopter(s) for all purposes, including name, birth registration and inheritance. The law is statutory in each jurisdiction (for example, the...

UK practitioners’ guide to air passenger accident claims under the Montreal Convention (and residual Warsaw): jurisdiction, liability, damages, contributory negligence, and two-year limitation

Published by a LexisNexis PI & Clinical Negligence expert

Practice notes

The Conventions

Two Conventions set out the rules governing the liability of air carriers for loss, injury and damage suffered in the course of, or arising from, international carriage by air. The shared objective of these Conventions is to harmonise the law on such issues.

Warsaw Convention

The earliest of these was the Warsaw Convention, signed in 1929 and brought into effect in 1933. It was later revised at The Hague in 1955 through adoption of the Hague Protocol, and thereafter was referred to as the Warsaw Convention as amended at The Hague in 1955. From that point it was cited under the amended title. Its scope extended only to states that were signatories. Where one party had signed the Warsaw Convention and the other had adhered only to the Hague Protocol, there was no common foundation for international litigation.

Montreal Convention

The Warsaw Convention was then replaced by the Montreal Convention, which was signed in 1999 and came into force in 2003...

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Andrew Wilson

Andrew has more than 25 years’ experience of working in the fields of personal injury and occupational disease litigation, acting for both claimants and defendants. He trained at L Bingham & Co, gaining early experience in a number of important high profile claims involving the MIB. During the 1990s Andrew worked at Hextalls and then Kennedys, predominantly for defendants across a range of motor, employers’ liability and public liability matters many of which involved serious injuries or death. More recently, he has dealt with cases for claimants who have suffered serious injuries or occupational disease. He was a partner in a large specialist practice. He has provided seminars to solicitors and other legal professionals both for an external conference company and in house on the workings of the Civil Procedure Rules in the context of personal injury claims, amongst other...

Web page updated on 22/05/2026

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