Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Admission definition

What does Admission mean? An admission is a party’s statement accepting the truth of all or part of an opponent’s case or of a material fact. It can be made formally (for example, in statements of case, a response to a notice to admit, or orally at a hearing) or informally, including in correspondence or witness statements. In civil procedure, a judicial admission made within proceedings generally binds the maker, narrows the issues, and may justify judgment on admission. Withdrawal usually requires the court’s permission. Pre-action admissions can be binding in certain regimes (such as some personal injury claims), subject to rules on withdrawal. Extra-judicial...

Admitting defendant bad character under CJA 2003 s 101(1)(f)–(g): correcting false impressions (Gateway F) and countering attacks on others (Gateway G) in England and Wales

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Practice notes

This Practice Note sets out the principles governing when evidence of a defendant’s Bad character may be admitted to rectify a false impression created by the defendant, or to respond to an attack on the character of another person or witness. In criminal proceedings, such material is admissible under section 101(1)(f)–(g) of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 (CJA 2003), gateways F and G respectively.

Bad character to correct a false impression

The CJA 2003 authorises the Admission of evidence of the defendant’s bad character to correct a Misleading impression given by the defendant; the applicable statutory route is gateway F (CJA 2003, s 101(1)(f)). The term ‘bad character’ is defined in the CJA 2003 and includes, among other things, the defendant’s prior convictions. See Practice Note: Admissibility of defendant's bad character in criminal proceedings.

Only prosecution evidence may be received under gateway F, and then only where it possesses ‘probative value’. An application to adduce a co-defendant’s bad character cannot be pursued via this gateway, but may be brought under CJA 2003, s 101(1)(e) (bad character relating to matters in issue between the defendant and co-defendant). See Practice Note: Bad character...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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