Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Air Quality definition

What does Air Quality mean? In legal practice, air quality describes the condition of the air at or around a location, especially whether concentrations of pollutants comply with applicable standards and objectives. It concerns ambient (outdoor) air and is assessed through monitoring and modelling of pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), sulphur dioxide, ozone, smoke, dust and smog. The expression is descriptive; legislation defines related concepts (including ambient air, limit/target values, air quality objectives and Air Quality Management Areas). In the UK, pollutant limits are set under the Air Quality Standards Regulations (separate instruments for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern...

Ambient air quality: legal framework, targets, duties, plans and enforcement post-Brexit (England and Wales)

Published by a LexisNexis Environment expert

Practice notes

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Introduction

Ambient air quality is, at its core, the state of the air outside. The WHO indicates that, in 2019, outdoor air pollution across both urban and rural areas was linked to an estimated 4.2 million premature deaths worldwide. This mortality stems from exposure to fine particulate matter, associated with cardiovascular conditions, respiratory diseases and cancers. The House of Commons Research Briefing—Air quality: policies, proposals and concerns (HC Library, March 2025)—reported that the government regards poor air quality as the largest environmental threat to public health in the UK. It also noted that, beyond human health, air pollution carries consequences for the natural environment and the economy. Given the transboundary character of air pollution, measures to control and enhance air quality in the UK have been shaped by international agreements and EU legislation, together with national and devolved laws. The briefing further outlined its reasons for concern, stating that there is widespread acknowledgement that air pollution exerts a substantial impact on public health...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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