Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

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Key definition

LNG definition

What does LNG mean? In energy, shipping and infrastructure practice, LNG means natural gas liquefied for storage and marine transport. It is processed gas, primarily methane with small amounts of other hydrocarbons and inert gases, cooled to about −162°C to form a liquid at or near atmospheric pressure. It is shipped by LNG carriers to import terminals for storage and regasification into the gas grid, or supplied as LNG to end users. The term is descriptive rather than a single statutory definition in the UK or Ireland. Where precision is needed, contracts and technical specifications define LNG by composition and quality parameters (e.g. heating...

Take‑or‑pay clauses in energy contracts: EU competition law, UK post‑Brexit context, and international considerations

Published by a LexisNexis Energy expert

Practice notes

This Practice Note sets out an overview of take‑or‑pay provisions in the energy industry and explores typical EU, regulatory and competition law questions that often arise when assessing take‑or‑pay terms in energy agreements. Its emphasis is on EU and international legal frameworks, illustrated with examples, while English law is addressed only in brief outline.

For further guidance on drafting take‑or‑pay provisions and on the common features of those clauses, see Practice Note: Drafting take‑or‑pay clauses in energy contracts. For the English courts’ attitude to such clauses, together with a thorough consideration of take‑or‑pay clauses and also the rule on penalties, refer to Practice Note: Take‑or‑pay clauses in energy contracts: the rule on penalties.

Introduction to ‘take-or-pay’ clauses in the energy sector

A take‑or‑pay term is a contractual mechanism under which the purchaser undertakes to pay for a minimum volume of the relevant goods or services, irrespective of whether that minimum is actually lifted by the buyer. Such provisions appear in contracts across numerous sectors...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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