Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Packaging definition

What does Packaging mean? Packaging (radioactive materials) describes the conditioning and enclosure of spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste so that it meets regulatory requirements for handling, transport, interim storage and final disposal. In transport law, packaging is defined (IAEA SSR‑6/ADR, implemented in the UK and Ireland) as the components that, with contents, form a “package”. In waste management regulation and guidance (ONR, the Environment Agency/NRW/SEPA/NIEA, and Ireland’s EPA), the term is used descriptively alongside “conditioning”. Fuel packaging: processing spent fuel into approved containers (for example stainless‑steel or multi‑barrier casks/canisters) for safe interim storage or disposal. Waste packaging: converting waste into a stable, compliant...

WTO TBT Agreement: scope, definitions, key disciplines and legal tests on technical regulations, standards and conformity assessment (non-discrimination, necessity, harmonisation, equivalence and transparency)

Published by a LexisNexis International Trade expert

Practice notes

This Practice Note sets out a synopsis of the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade. It clarifies that the agreement's scope spans technical regulations, standards and conformity assessment procedures. It also outlines when Member States may rely on technical barriers, alongside the core disciplines and guiding principles.

Introduction to the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade

Member States have acknowledged that, as tariffs fall, non-tariff obstacles are more likely to emerge as further impediments to open trade. This proved true under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1947, when, in 1979 during the Tokyo Round, the Members adopted the Standards Code. As with other areas of commerce, talks continued and ultimately produced the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (the TBT Agreement). The TBT Agreement seeks to ensure that technical rules, standards, and conformity assessment procedures do not impose unwarranted restrictions on trade. At the same time, it permits Member States to apply such measures to safeguard human, animal and plant health. It also outlines when Member States may deploy technical barriers, alongside the principal disciplines and the relevant overarching principles that apply. Member States may likewise lawfully use these measures where the purpose is to or to...

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Web page updated on 29/05/2026

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