Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Commission definition

What does Commission mean? In legal practice, a commission is a payment, usually percentage‑based, made to an agent, broker or introducer for securing business or facilitating a transaction. Under UK bribery law, the Bribery Act 2010 (England & Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland) does not define commission, but criminalises offering, promising, giving, requesting or receiving a financial or other advantage to induce or reward improper performance. A commission may constitute such an advantage depending on intent, knowledge and context; not every commission is a bribe. Transparent, proportionate, contractual commissions for genuine services are generally lawful, whereas concealed or disproportionate payments, particularly to public...

European Commission merger control: Apple/Shazam (M.8788), Article 22 referral, Phase II review and unconditional clearance, non-horizontal data issues in music streaming

Published by a LexisNexis Competition expert

Practice notes

CASE HUB ARCHIVED

This archived case hub records the position as at the decision date of 6 September 2018 and is no longer being updated. For additional detail, see the timeline and commentary.

Case facts

Summary of the European Commission’s merger review of Apple’s proposed purchase of Shazam (Case M.8788). The deal raised non-horizontal issues linked to music streaming services. As the Transaction did not reach the EU Merger Regulation thresholds, it was referred to the Commission under Article 22.

Latest developments

On 6 September 2018, following an in-depth phase II assessment, the Commission cleared the transaction unconditionally.

Parties

Apple is a US-based global technology company that designs, manufactures and markets mobile communication and media devices, portable digital music players and personal computers. It also distributes and sells digital content online via the ‘iTunes Store’, the ‘App Store’, ‘iBookstore’ and the ‘Mac App Store’. Of particular relevance here, Apple operates the ‘Apple Music’ streaming service, which over the past three years has become the second largest music streaming provider in Europe...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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