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Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom
Key definition
Article 101 definition

What does Article 101 mean? In practice, Article 101 is the EU competition law rule that bans anti‑competitive agreements and concerted practices—such as cartels, price‑fixing, market‑sharing, bid‑rigging and resale price maintenance—where they prevent, restrict or distort competition and affect trade between EU member States. It covers agreements between undertakings, decisions of associations of undertakings and informal coordination; the test is whether the conduct has an anti‑competitive object or effect. The rule is set out in Article 101 TFEU and developed by Court of Justice case law. Prohibited agreements are void and can attract fines and damages claims. Exemptions may apply under Article 101(3) where...

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European Commission closes Apple App Store e-books/audiobooks competition investigation (AT.40652) after complaint withdrawn; probe concerned in-app purchase commissions and anti-steering under Articles 101/102 TFEU

Practice notes
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CASE HUB ARCHIVED

This archived case hub records the position as at the decision date of 22 November 2024; it is no longer being maintained. For more, see timeline, commentary and related cases.

Case facts

Outline

European Commission Article 101 TFEU and/or Article 102 TFEU investigation into Apple Inc’s App Store policies and their effect on competition in music streaming and e-books/audiobooks (AT.40652).

Latest development

On 22 November 2024, the Commission closed its investigation after the complaint brought against Apple by an e-book and audiobook distributor was withdrawn.

Parties

  • Apple Inc (Apple); Apple is a US-based company. It designs, manufactures and markets personal computers and related personal computing and mobile communication devices, together with a variety of associated software and services...
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Web page updated on 27/05/2026

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