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United Kingdom
Key definition
Authority definition

What does Authority mean? In practice, Authority refers to the public sector client that procures and manages a project or service and is the named counterparty in the contract. In public procurement, PFI/PPP, DBFM/DBFOM and outsourcing documents, it is a contractual shorthand for the “contracting authority” defined in legislation (England & Wales and Northern Ireland: Public Contracts Regulations 2015; Scotland: Public Contracts (Scotland) Regulations 2015; Ireland: European Union (Award of Public Authority Contracts) Regulations 2016). Typical Authorities include a local authority, an NHS trust or health board, a central government department or minister, a non‑departmental public body or agency, or another body...

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Belgian Competition Authority closed behavioural investigations tracker: public decisions on cartels and abuse of dominance (Art 101/102 TFEU, 2018–2026)

Practice notes
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This table provides an overview of all concluded probes by Belgium’s competition watchdog (the Belgian Competition authority—BCA) concerning suspected cartels, anti-competitive agreements and abuses of dominant positions (Articles 101/102 TFEU and domestic counterparts) from 2018 onwards. Note—only publicly available decisions appear here.

2026 Investigations under article 101 TFEU/Article IV.1 of the Code of Economic Law

  • Newspaper distribution
    • Companies: bpost; DPG media; Mediahuis; PPP
    • Issue: Restrictive agreements—bid rigging
    • Development: Infringement decision announced—13/02/20256; fines totalling €11,898,483 imposed

Investigations under article 102 TFEU/Article IV.2 of the Code of Economic Law

The BCA has not yet delivered any decisions under Article 102/Article IV.2 in 2026.

2025 Investigations under Article 101 TFEU/Article IV.1 of the Code of Economic Law

  • Electricity trading
    • Companies: Nord Pool AS; EPEX SPOT SE
    • Issue: Restrictive arrangements—market allocation
    • Development: Infringement decision announced—26/06/2025; fines totalling €79,810 imposed
  • Pharmaceuticals
    • Companies: Johnson & Johnson Consumer; Boehringer Ingelheim; Haleon Belgium
    • Issue: Restrictive arrangements
    • Development: Infringement decision announced—24/04/2025; fines totalling €11.2m imposed

Investigations under Article 102 TFEU/Article IV.2 of the Code of Economic Law

The BCA issued no decisions under Article 102/Article IV.2 in 2025...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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