Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

BIM definition

What does BIM mean? BIM (building information modelling) describes the collaborative process and shared digital models used to create, manage and exchange information about built assets across design, construction and operation. In legal practice, it frames project information obligations, deliverables, risk allocation and rights in data and models. BIM is not defined in UK or Irish legislation or case law; usage follows industry standards (now the ISO 19650 series, previously PAS 1192) and public procurement policy (including the UK central government “BIM Level 2” requirement). Contract documentation typically includes Exchange/Employer’s Information Requirements (EIR), a BIM Execution Plan (pre- and post-contract), an Information Protocol (for example, the...

UK BIM Protocols for Construction: ISO 19650 Information Protocol Template, CIC 2018, AEC(UK) and US Forms, with Contractual Incorporation, Document Priority, Liability, IP, Security and Drafting Essentials

Published by a LexisNexis Construction expert

Practice notes

bim (building information modelling) protocol

There is no single, mandatory BIM protocol required on all UK projects using BIM—parties involved in construction projects where BIM is to be adopted are free to choose the protocol they wish to use; it is not imposed and remains a matter for agreement on a project‑by‑project basis. The parties may opt for one of the published forms already available, agree a bespoke protocol tailored to the scheme, or choose to proceed with no standalone protocol at all, instead setting out every BIM obligation within the contract conditions and associated technical documents. As the use of BIM has expanded, various protocols have been created by organisations seeking to promote efficiency, consistency and recognised good practice within such documents. None of these has yet become an ‘industry standard’, though that appears to be edging closer—having a common standard would be likely to assist with insurance considerations, and provide greater consistency and certainty around the parties’ duties and responsibilities, thereby defining more clearly the risk profile of those engaged on the project...

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Web page updated on 22/05/2026

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