Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Article 101 definition

What does Article 101 mean? In practice, Article 101 is the EU competition law rule that bans anti‑competitive agreements and concerted practices—such as cartels, price‑fixing, market‑sharing, bid‑rigging and resale price maintenance—where they prevent, restrict or distort competition and affect trade between EU member States. It covers agreements between undertakings, decisions of associations of undertakings and informal coordination; the test is whether the conduct has an anti‑competitive object or effect. The rule is set out in Article 101 TFEU and developed by Court of Justice case law. Prohibited agreements are void and can attract fines and damages claims. Exemptions may apply under Article 101(3) where...

European Commission Article 101 TFEU settlement decision: cross-border rail cargo 'blocktrains' cartel (AT.40330); DB and SNCB fined €48.59m; ÖBB immunity (20 April 2021)

Published by a LexisNexis Competition expert

Practice notes

CASE HUB ARCHIVED

This case hub reflects the position as at the decision of 20 April 2021; it is no longer maintained. See further, timeline and commentary.

Case facts

Outline: a European Commission investigation under article 101 TFEU into a cartel affecting cross‑border rail freight transport services using blocktrains (AT.40330).

Latest development

On 20 April 2021, the Commission adopted its infringement decision after the three companies settled with it and admitted their role in the cartel. Aggregate fines of €48.59m were imposed. The penalties per company were:

ÖBB - no fine (immunity granted)
DB - €48,324,000 (reflecting a 45% leniency reduction and a 10% settlement discount) (NB: DB’s fine was uplifted by 50% as it had previously been held liable in Cargo ‘blocktrains’ (AT.40098))
SNCB - €270,000 (including a 30% reduction)...

To view the latest version of this document and thousands of others like it, sign-in with LexisNexis or register for a free trial.

Web page updated on 27/05/2026

Popular documents

Using the Judicial College Guidelines to assess general damages in personal injury claims

When evaluating a general damages claim, the practitioner ought initially to refer to the Judicial College Guidelines (JCG)...

Tomlin orders in England and Wales: CPR guidance on drafting, confidentiality, approval, variation, enforcement, limitation, CCA issues, court-specific requirements, sample wording and precedents

This Practice Note This Practice Note reviews mechanisms used in settling litigation. A Tomlin order consists of a consent order paired with a schedule. It operates to stay proceedings on terms that have been agreed. The provisions contained in the schedule may remain confidential. This Practice Note describes the scope of confidentiality attaching to the schedule and sets out how it differs from a standard consent order. Sample wording for a Tomlin order is included, alongside links to precedents, as well as guidance on court approval. It also addresses varying, setting aside and enforcing a Tomlin order, including the considerations the court will take into account when handling applications for each. Further guidance is provided on interpreting and applying the relevant provisions of the CPR; however, some courts and divisions impose very specific requirements for both drafting and approval, and for approaching the schedule and confidentiality issues. Accordingly, you must consider the particular rules and court guide provisions in the forum where your claim is proceeding when drawing up the Tomlin order...

Precedent: Deed of Surrender of Lease with Optional Premium, Settlement and Release, Landlord, Mortgagee and Guarantor Consents, Reimbursement and HM Land Registry Provisions (England and Wales)

Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...

Precedent Statutory Declaration: Standard Wording under the Statutory Declarations Act 1835

I, [ name ], of [ address ], solemnly and sincerely state that: [ Matters to be verified, set out in numbered paragraphs ] I make this solemn statement in good conscience, believing it to be true, and pursuant to the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835. DECLARED at [ details ] this [ day ] day of [ month and year ] Before me ................................................................................ [ signature of the person before whom the declaration is made ] A [ commissioner for oaths OR [ solicitor OR [ insert other qualification ] ] authorised to administer oaths ]...