Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Annulment definition

What does Annulment mean? Annulment is the family court process for obtaining a nullity order confirming that a marriage is either void (never legally valid) or voidable (valid unless and until annulled). It is used instead of divorce where a party challenges the marriage’s validity. In England and Wales, annulment (nullity of marriage) is governed by the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 and case law; in Northern Ireland by the Matrimonial Causes (Northern Ireland) Order 1978; in Scotland principally by the Marriage (Scotland) Act 1977 and case law; and in Ireland by the Family Law (Nullity of Marriage) Act 1995 and case law. Scots law provides...

EU General Court on Marine Hoses cartel: economic continuity curtailed (Parker), break in single infringement (Trelleborg), leniency assessment (MRI); partial annulments under Article 101 TFEU

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Practice notes

CASE HUB ARCHIVED – this archived hub records the position as at the judgment dated 17 March 2013; it is no longer updated. See further: timeline, commentary and related/relevant cases

Case facts

CASE HUB (date of judgments—17/03/2013) Outline

Appeals were brought before the General Court aiming to set aside and cut the individual penalties arising from the Commission’s decision of 28 January 2009, which found breaches of article 101 TFEU and levied aggregate fines of €131.51m on five corporate groups (among them the three appellants) for their putative involvement in a worldwide cartel concerning the supply of marine hose from 1986 to 2007 (‘Marine hoses cartel’).

On 17 March 2013, the General Court set aside parts of the Commission’s decision as regards each applicant, and lowered Parker’s penalty, given the Commission had not shown that Parker ITR bore responsibility for the entire period of the supposed infringement.

As concerns Parker ITR and Parker‑Hannifin, the dispute centres on the notion of ‘economic continuity’, notably where an infringing activity is shifted within the group ahead of a sale to an external third party...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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