Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Annulment definition

What does Annulment mean? Annulment is the family court process for obtaining a nullity order confirming that a marriage is either void (never legally valid) or voidable (valid unless and until annulled). It is used instead of divorce where a party challenges the marriage’s validity. In England and Wales, annulment (nullity of marriage) is governed by the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 and case law; in Northern Ireland by the Matrimonial Causes (Northern Ireland) Order 1978; in Scotland principally by the Marriage (Scotland) Act 1977 and case law; and in Ireland by the Family Law (Nullity of Marriage) Act 1995 and case law. Scots law provides...

Ryanair v Commission: EU General Court annuls TAP and KLM Covid-19 aid approvals for insufficient reasoning; upholds Spain’s recapitalisation fund; effects of annulment suspended (19 May 2021)

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Practice notes

CASE HUB NOTE-appeal lodged before the Court of Justice in Case C- 441/21 ARCHIVED -this archived case hub reflects the position at the date of the judgments of 19 May 2021; it is no longer maintained. See further, timeline, commentary and relevant/related cases

Case facts

This hub is retained for reference only and mirrors the status as at the General Court’s judgments of 19 May 2021. It is not updated. For more detail, consult the timeline, commentary and related matters.

Outline

Actions for annulment were brought by Ryanair against European Commission decisions dated 10 June 2020, 13 July 2020 and 31 July 2020, which cleared three state aid measures in Portugal, the Netherlands and Spain to assist airlines during the Covid-19 crisis (Cases SA.57369, SA.57659 and SA.57116). The proceedings are registered as Cases T-465/20 Ryanair v Commission, T-628/20 Ryanair v Commission and T-642/20 Ryanair v Commission.

Latest developments

On 19 May 2021, the General Court both upheld and annulled, for inadequate reasoning, the Commission’s approvals of support for TAP in Portugal and a Dutch liquidity measure for KLM. The consequences of annulment, including any recovery, are stayed until a fresh decision is adopted.
The appeal concerning the Spanish recapitalisation fund to support strategic

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Web page updated on 27/05/2026

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