Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Consumer definition

What does Consumer mean? A consumer is, in practice, an individual who acquires goods, services or digital content for personal use, not for the purposes of a trade, business, craft or profession. The precise meaning is statutory and context‑specific. England & Wales and Scotland: The Consumer Rights Act 2015, s2(3), defines a consumer as an individual acting for purposes wholly or mainly outside their trade, business, craft or profession (capturing mixed‑purpose purchases where the business purpose is not predominant). The Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 instead asks whether a party “deals as consumer”, a distinct test relevant to exclusion and limitation clauses. The Sale of...

Consumer Rights Act 2015 (UK) services: statutory rights, standards, binding information, price/time defaults, remedies, liability limits, arbitration, limitation periods, and CCR 2013 interface

Published by a LexisNexis Commercial expert

Practice notes

Practice Note: Consumer Rights Act 2015—services

This Practice Note reviews the Consumer Rights Act 2015 (CRA 2015) insofar as it concerns services, and outlines consumers’ statutory entitlements under the CRA 2015 in relation to contracts for services. It also examines the standards applicable to the provision of services and the consumer remedies where services are non-conforming.

For a general overview of the CRA 2015, including definitions of key terms such as ‘consumer’ and ‘Trader’, see Practice Note: Consumer Rights Act 2015—summary.

For consideration of how the CRA 2015 applies to goods, digital content and unfair terms, see Practice Notes as follows:

Consumer Rights Act 2015—goods
Consumer Rights Act 2015—digital content
Consumer Rights Act 2015—unfair terms

Helpful guidance on the CRA 2015’s application to services has been produced by the Chartered Trading Standards Institute (CTSI Guidance) and the Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, now part of the Department for Business and Trade (BEIS Guidance), which may assist lawyers when advising on the CRA 2015 in the context of services contracts.

This Practice Note addresses the rights and obligations of traders regarding services as set out in the CRA 2015; it is important to note that there is a ...

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Web page updated on 29/05/2026

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