Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Entry into force definition

What does Entry into force mean? Entry into force describes the date on which a legal instrument starts to have legal effect, triggering obligations, rights and time limits. In UK and Irish practice, the parallel term coming into force is used for domestic Acts and statutory instruments: the operative date is set in the legislation or by a commencement order, and if none is given default rules bring it into force on the day of enactment. Entry into force is more commonly used for treaties and EU measures. For EU law, an act enters into force on the date it states; otherwise, on the twentieth day after...

Bern Convention: legal framework for species and habitat protection, Emerald Network, favourable conservation status, exceptions, reporting, and implementation in England and Wales

Published by a LexisNexis Environment expert

Practice notes

$imgtext$

Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (Bern Convention)

entry into force: 01/06/1982
Transposition deadline: N/A
Amendments: N/A
Subject: Nature conservation

England and Wales implementation

Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981
Wildlife and Countryside (Service of Notices) Act 1985
Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017, SI 2017/1012
Conservation of Offshore Marine Habitats and Species Regulations 2017, SI 2017/1013

Purpose of the Bern Convention

The Bern Convention was the first global pact to safeguard both species and their habitats, encouraging nations to collaborate on nature conservation. It acknowledges the aesthetic, scientific, cultural, recreational, economic and intrinsic worth of wild flora and fauna as a natural heritage to be protected for generations to come.

to safeguard wild plants and animals and the habitats they rely on
to foster co-operation between states
to prioritise endangered and vulnerable species, including threatened migratory species

Scope

Parties to the Convention do not need to be situated within the European continent. Despite the name, the word ‘European’ was purposely left out of the articles for two reasons: ...

To view the latest version of this document and thousands of others like it, sign-in with LexisNexis or register for a free trial.

Web page updated on 21/05/2026

Popular documents

Using the Judicial College Guidelines to assess general damages in personal injury claims

When evaluating a general damages claim, the practitioner ought initially to refer to the Judicial College Guidelines (JCG)...

Tomlin orders in England and Wales: CPR guidance on drafting, confidentiality, approval, variation, enforcement, limitation, CCA issues, court-specific requirements, sample wording and precedents

This Practice Note This Practice Note reviews mechanisms used in settling litigation. A Tomlin order consists of a consent order paired with a schedule. It operates to stay proceedings on terms that have been agreed. The provisions contained in the schedule may remain confidential. This Practice Note describes the scope of confidentiality attaching to the schedule and sets out how it differs from a standard consent order. Sample wording for a Tomlin order is included, alongside links to precedents, as well as guidance on court approval. It also addresses varying, setting aside and enforcing a Tomlin order, including the considerations the court will take into account when handling applications for each. Further guidance is provided on interpreting and applying the relevant provisions of the CPR; however, some courts and divisions impose very specific requirements for both drafting and approval, and for approaching the schedule and confidentiality issues. Accordingly, you must consider the particular rules and court guide provisions in the forum where your claim is proceeding when drawing up the Tomlin order...

Precedent: Deed of Surrender of Lease with Optional Premium, Settlement and Release, Landlord, Mortgagee and Guarantor Consents, Reimbursement and HM Land Registry Provisions (England and Wales)

Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...

Precedent Statutory Declaration: Standard Wording under the Statutory Declarations Act 1835

I, [ name ], of [ address ], solemnly and sincerely state that: [ Matters to be verified, set out in numbered paragraphs ] I make this solemn statement in good conscience, believing it to be true, and pursuant to the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835. DECLARED at [ details ] this [ day ] day of [ month and year ] Before me ................................................................................ [ signature of the person before whom the declaration is made ] A [ commissioner for oaths OR [ solicitor OR [ insert other qualification ] ] authorised to administer oaths ]...