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United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Key definition
State aid definition What does State aid mean? In practice, state aid refers to public financial support that selectively benefits businesses and risks distorting competition or trade. Under EU law (Articles 107-109 TFEU and case law), it covers advantages granted through state resources that favour certain undertakings or goods and affect trade between Member States. Typical measures include grants, loans, guarantees, tax reliefs, equity injections and land or services below market value. Unless covered by the General Block Exemption Regulation or de minimis rules, aid must be notified to and approved by the European Commission; unlawful aid can be recovered with interest. In Great Britain, the EU state aid...
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Global COVID-19 competition law and State aid tracker: behavioural cases, co-operation exemptions, legislation, merger control, and EU/UK updates
Published by a
LexisNexis Competition expert
Practice notes
Coronavirus (COVID-19) related antitrust investigations/claims
Across the globe, competition authorities are adjusting practices to address the effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This tracker collates publicly available, COVID-19-related updates on antitrust investigations/claims, exceptions/exemptions, new legislation and State aid reviews. For an overview of merger control procedure changes in highlighted jurisdictions, see: MJ merger control—competition authorities and coronavirus (COVID-19) status. Note—only developments within scope that are publicly disclosed are included; it is not an exhaustive or definitive source.
- Albania — Personal protection products; numerous pharmaceutical companies (listed here). Issue: price-gouging. Developments: infringement decision issued—15/10/2020; investigations launched—18/03/2020.
- Armenia — PCR tests; 11 undertakings. Issue: restrictive agreements. Developments: investigations launched—26/11/2021.
- Armenia — Medical gloves; unknown. Issue: price-gouging. Developments: investigation terminated—27/08/2020; investigations launched—27/05/2020.
- Armenia — Masks; unknown. Issue: price-gouging. Developments: investigation terminated—27/08/2020; investigations launched—26/05/2020.
- Azerbaijan — Medicines and masks; Buta Farm LLC; Olive Pharmaceuticals LLC; Vita Pharmaceuticals LLC; Intermed Plyus LLC; Dokta LLC. Issue: price-gouging. Developments: investigations launched—13/03/2020.
- Brazil — Masks, goggles and protection filters; Inmadica Andina. Issue: price-gouging. Developments: investigation launched—05/05/2020.
NOTE—this tracker focuses solely on matters within scope that are publicly available and does not claim to be exhaustive or conclusive...
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Web page updated on 21/05/2026
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