Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

General Principles definition

What does General Principles mean? In takeover practice, General Principles are the high‑level standards that guide how the Takeover Code (UK) and the Irish Takeover Rules are interpreted and applied in real transactions. They set expectations of commercial behaviour by bidders, target boards and advisers. There are six General Principles, mirroring the general principles in Article 3 of the EU Takeover Directive. In the UK they are contained in the Code notwithstanding Brexit; in Ireland they derive from the Directive and are embedded in the Rules. They are expressed in broad terms and neither the Code nor the Rules defines the precise limits of their...

Cosmetic breast surgery negligence claims: Bolam/Bolitho, Montgomery consent, complications, defendants, valuation and guidance

Published by a LexisNexis PI & Clinical Negligence expert

Practice notes

This Practice Note expands on the core principles of cosmetic surgery claims, with particular attention to claims arising from breast Enlargement, reduction or Augmentation. As with other cosmetic surgery matters, the surge in social media use has contributed to a higher volume of such procedures. See Practice Note: Cosmetic surgery claims.

Definitions

Breast enlargement is an operation to increase breast size by placing implants. These are breast-shaped sacs featuring a silicone outer shell, filled with either silicone gel or saline solution.
Breast augmentation is surgery aimed at improving breast shape where there is asymmetry or a marked size difference. Misshaping may result from breast trauma, a mastectomy, or a congenital deformity.
Breast reduction is a procedure to decrease breast size. It is commonly performed for women with very large breasts that cause neck and back pain, or significant emotional distress and embarrassment. Reduction may also be undertaken to realign breasts following reconstructed surgery after a mastectomy.

Commonly encountered issues

Disappointment at the outcome of...

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Catriona Stirling

Cloisters

Catriona is a barrister specialising in the areas of personal injury and clinical negligence, public law and human rights, and employment and equality law....

Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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