Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Costs definition

What does Costs mean? In litigation, costs are the legal fees, disbursements, court fees and VAT incurred in bringing, defending or appealing a claim, and the sums a court or tribunal may order one party to pay another for those liabilities. The concept is governed by procedural rules and case law rather than a single statutory definition: England and Wales (CPR 44–47), Northern Ireland (RCJ Ord 62), Scotland (where the equivalent term is expenses), and Ireland (Legal Services Regulation Act 2015 and the Legal Costs Adjudicators). The general approach is broadly consistent, subject to local terminology and procedure. Typical features include the discretionary rule...

Employment Appeal Tribunal costs: applications, grounds, amounts, partial and wasted costs, litigants in person, and pro bono orders

Published by a LexisNexis Employment expert

Practice notes

This Practice Note explains how to make an application for Costs, the bases on which costs orders may be granted, and the types of costs that can be awarded in the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT), including partial awards. It also addresses wasted costs against a party’s representative, costs payable to litigants in person, and pro bono costs. As in the employment tribunal (see Practice Note: Costs in the employment tribunal—When a costs order or a preparation time order must or may be made), the EAT may order costs only in limited situations.

The EAT rules define ‘costs’ to cover fees, charges, disbursements and expenses incurred by or for a party, and include sums recoverable by a litigant in person (see Costs of litigants in person below). The Practice Direction states that ‘costs’ also encompass legal fees, expenses, and payment for time spent preparing a case to bring before the employment tribunal.

Application for costs

Under the EAT rules, either side may apply for costs at any point during the appeal, or within 14 days of the date of the EAT’s order finally disposing of the proceedings...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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