Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Rules definition

What does Rules mean? Rules describes the written provisions that govern how a pension scheme operates—especially occupational pension schemes—usually contained in, or annexed to, the trust deed (trust deed and rules). Legislation refers to these as scheme rules (for example, Pensions Act 1995 and Pensions Act 2004 in the UK, and the Pensions Act 1990 in Ireland). Scheme rules set out eligibility, benefit structure (defined benefit or defined contribution), contributions, service and accrual, retirement options and ages, revaluation/indexation, ill‑health and death benefits, transfers in and out, leaver provisions, forfeiture, augmentation, priority on winding‑up, discretions and decision‑making, and the scheme’s amendment and termination powers. They also...

Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS): 2020 Code (updated 2021) procedures, divisions, jurisdiction, interim relief, costs, hearings and awards; independence challenges and ECtHR-mandated public hearing reforms

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Practice notes

The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS)

Founded in 1984, the CAS is an independent body dedicated to resolving Disputes in the field of sport, and is the leading centralised international authority that appoints tribunals to render final decisions on certain types of sport disputes.

A wide spectrum of disputes is determined at the CAS, as reflected in its various divisions. Unless indicated otherwise, ‘CAS’ in this Practice Note is used in a broad sense to include any CAS division, the International Council of Arbitration for Sport (ICAS), and the CAS Court Office. In French, it is known as the Tribunal Arbitral du Sport (TAS).

Headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland, the CAS also maintains representative administrative offices in Sydney, Australia and New York, USA. Generally, the CAS manages the earliest stages of an arbitration once proceedings have begun but before arbitrators are appointed; after appointment, the arbitrators direct the procedure.

Currently, the CAS comprises four divisions, each operating under its own procedural Rules...

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Daniel Meagher

Winston & Strawn

Daniel Meagher is a senior associate in Winston & Strawn's International Arbitration and Commercial Litigation practices. With an English law background primarily focused on international commercial arbitration, Daniel's work relates to projects, companies, governments, state entities, and individuals based in various regions worldwide, including Russia/CIS, MENA, Central and South Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. He has represented clients in matters ranging from shareholder and joint venture disputes, through to delay and disruption claims in construction projects. Daniel has represented and advised clients in a broad range of types of disputes procedures, including international arbitration (ICC, LCIA, HKIAC, SCC, AAA/ICDR, DIAC, LMAA, ICSID, UNCITRAL administered by PCA, and many other leading arbitral rules and institutions), English Court litigation (in particular, Commercial Court, Chancery, Court of Appeal), mediation, and expert determination. Daniel also frequently advises as to other strategic aspects of...

Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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