Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Database definition

What does Database mean? In legal practice, a database is a structured collection of independent items—such as documents, records or datasets—organised so each item can be accessed separately, whether electronically or on paper. The concept is defined in legislation derived from the EU Database Directive 96/9/EC and reflected in UK law (CDPA 1988, as amended, and the copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997) and in Irish copyright legislation. Key legal features are: (1) a systematic or methodical arrangement of contents; and (2) individual accessibility of those contents. A database may attract protection in two ways. Copyright subsists if, through the selection or...

UK database right: consultation, permitted acts, text and data mining, public inspection and Crown use, contractual terms, and remedies

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Practice notes

The Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997 (CRD 1997)

The Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997 (CRD 1997), SI 1997/3032, gave effect to the EU Database Directive by revising UK copyright law as it relates to databases. The CRD 1997 also established a distinct, sui generis protection: the Database right. Unlike copyright, this right applies whether or not the database is an intellectual creation, provided there has been sufficient 'investment'. Copyright in a database and the database right are separate and independent. For deeper guidance on copyright in databases and the database right, see Practice Note: Copyright in databases and database right. Being EU-derived legislation, the CRD 1997 continues to have effect in the UK as assimilated law. Assimilated law is the term for retained EU law (REUL) that remains in force after the end of 2023. The shift from REUL to assimilated law marks a change in status and treatment under UK law: it is to be construed by reference to ordinary domestic law and principles and is generally stripped of EU-derived interpretive effects (eg supremacy of EU law, directly effective rights, and general principles previously retained under the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018). For more information, see Practice...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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