Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

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Key definition

General Principles definition

What does General Principles mean? In takeover practice, General Principles are the high‑level standards that guide how the Takeover Code (UK) and the Irish Takeover Rules are interpreted and applied in real transactions. They set expectations of commercial behaviour by bidders, target boards and advisers. There are six General Principles, mirroring the general principles in Article 3 of the EU Takeover Directive. In the UK they are contained in the Code notwithstanding Brexit; in Ireland they derive from the Directive and are embedded in the Rules. They are expressed in broad terms and neither the Code nor the Rules defines the precise limits of their...

Processing documents for disclosure under CPR 31: principles, keyword searches, predictive coding, de-duplication and metadata (England and Wales)

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Practice notes

This Practice Note explains the core principles governing the handling and assessment of documents for disclosure under CPR 31, encompassing CPR PD 31B and the overriding objective. It does not address the disclosure regime in the Business and Property Courts; for that, consult: Disclosure Scheme (Business & Property Courts)—overview.

Processing—General Principles

After gathering documents from the client and any other potential sources, you must decide whether they fall to be disclosed and, if so, to what extent. The scope of what must be disclosed will largely be shaped by the court and the track on which the claim proceeds, together with any disclosure order made by the court. For more detail, see: Track specific Case management—overview and Court-specific case management—overview.

If you have not yet done so, review any obligations under the United Kingdom General Data protection Regulation, Retained Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (the UK GDPR), and the Data Protection Act 2018 (DPA 2018) concerning the processing of Personal data and the free movement of such data. Evidence used within the disclosure process commonly contains personal data. For further information, see Practice Notes: Dispute resolution—data protection and GDPR considerations and Disclosure—data protection and GDPR considerations...

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Web page updated on 26/05/2026

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