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United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Key definition
Disclosure definition What does Disclosure mean? Disclosure describes the process in litigation by which a party identifies, lists and, where not protected by privilege, allows inspection of documents within its control that are relevant to the issues in dispute, including confirming that a document exists or has existed. It covers paper and electronic material (ESI), and carries a continuing duty to preserve and disclose. In England and Wales, disclosure is governed by the Civil Procedure Rules: standard disclosure and inspection under Part 31, and in the Business and Property Courts, initial and extended disclosure under Practice Direction 57AD. Parties must conduct a reasonable and proportionate search, list...
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Practical guidance on CPR 31 standard disclosure (England and Wales): relevance, reasonable search (including electronic documents), control, common problem areas and costs assessment
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Practice notes
This Practice Note sets out how to conduct a reasonable search for standard disclosure under CPR 31.7. It tackles core questions under the Civil Procedure Rules (CPR): ‘What is standard disclosure?’, ‘What counts as a document?’ and ‘What constitutes a reasonable search?’, addressing meaning, relevance, reasonableness and control by reference to the overriding principles. It also considers practical issues with back-up data, keyword searches and metadata.
Business and Property Court claims
This Practice Note does not cover the disclosure scheme operating in the Business and Property Courts. For guidance on that regime, see: Disclosure Scheme (Business & Property Courts)—overview. Claims issued on or after 1 October 2015 in the Business and Property Courts may fall within, and/or be governed by, one or both schemes under CPR PD 57AB: the shorter trials scheme and the flexible trials scheme. For more on these, see Practice Notes: Business and Property Courts—shorter trials scheme—Disclosure under the shorter trials scheme, and Business and Property Courts—flexible trials scheme—Disclosure under the flexible trials scheme.
What is standard disclosure?
CPR 31.6 provides that an order for standard disclosure requires a...
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Web page updated on 21/05/2026
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Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...
I, [ name ], of [ address ], solemnly and sincerely state that: [ Matters to be verified, set out in numbered paragraphs ] I make this solemn statement in good conscience, believing it to be true, and pursuant to the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835. DECLARED at [ details ] this [ day ] day of [ month and year ] Before me ................................................................................ [ signature of the person before whom the declaration is made ] A [ commissioner for oaths OR [ solicitor OR [ insert other qualification ] ] authorised to administer oaths ]...
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