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United Kingdom
Key definition
Controls definition

What does Controls mean? In practice, controls are the user-facing settings (eg a cookie banner, preference centre or consent management platform) that let individuals accept, reject or later withdraw consent to cookies and similar tracking technologies. The term is descriptive rather than defined in statute, but requirements flow from PECR (UK) and the ePrivacy Regulations 2011 (Ireland), read with the UK GDPR/GDPR standard for consent and regulator guidance (ICO, DPC, EDPB). Key features: - No non-essential cookies before consent; essential cookies only for a service the user requests. - Granular choices by purpose/vendor, with “accept all” and “reject all” presented with equal prominence; no...

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Australia 2025: Legal, Regulatory and Tax Framework for Establishing and Operating Businesses (Corporate, Employment, Competition and Merger Control, Foreign Investment, Financial Services, Privacy, IP and Immigration)

Practice notes
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Updated in January 2025

Introduction

Australia’s resilient economy, a talented multilingual labour force, favourable tax settings and a predictable political climate position it as a prime destination for overseas capital. Businesses also benefit from comparatively modest establishment costs, proximity to the Asia–Pacific, a dynamic finance industry, and a time zone bridging the United States market close and Europe’s opening. Before the global coronavirus (COVID‑19) outbreak, Australia ranked among the quickest‑expanding economies in the Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Development (OECD). Relative to many OECD peers, it managed the immediate health and economic shocks of COVID‑19 effectively. As elsewhere in the OECD, though, the short‑run effects of domestic and international stimulus during the pandemic years—together with external influences such as the war in Ukraine and local issues including COVID‑19‑related construction backlogs—have driven stronger inflationary pressures in Australia and prompted a period of firm monetary tightening by the Reserve Bank of Australia. Even so, Australia continues to offer a robust environment in which to operate and invest. The nation’s economy includes primary sectors like resources, energy and agriculture. These advantages collectively sustain Australia’s appeal to investors. While inflation has been elevated, policy settings have adjusted accordingly, and business conditions remain favourable overall...

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Andrew Lumsden
Andrew Lumsden

Andrew is a Senior Partner and member of the Board at Corrs Chambers Westgarth. He specialises in corporate and securities law and mergers and acquisitions. Andrew is the Chair of the National Public Securities Practice Group and Co-chair of the China Practice Group. Andrew is Corrs’ National Legal Excellence Partner, with responsibilities for the professional development of our lawyers.From 1998 until 2001 Andrew was Chief of Staff to the then Minister for Financial Services & Regulation, the Hon Joe Hockey, MP. Prior to 1998 Andrew was a partner of Corrs Chambers Westgarth....

Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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