Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Performance definition

What does Performance mean? In copyright practice, performance means the live rendition of a literary, dramatic or musical work to an audience; doing so “in public” is a restricted act that normally requires the copyright owner’s permission/licence. This is set out in section 19 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (UK) and the Copyright and Related Rights Act 2000 (Ireland). Whether an act is “in public” is determined by context and case law; private or domestic use is excluded. For films and sound recordings, the analogous restricted act is showing or playing in public; online streaming is generally treated as communication or...

Energy Performance Certificates in England and Wales: Legal Framework, Assessor Accreditation, Approved Methodologies, Assessment Process, Registration and Costs

Published by a LexisNexis Environment expert

Practice notes

An energy performance certificate (EPC)

An EPC assigns a property an energy efficiency band from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient). The rating arises from a complex calculation that examines multiple elements, including the building’s age, type and method of construction, together with its insulation and heating systems. For further details on what an EPC is and when it is required, see Practice Note: Energy performance certificates (EPCs)—what are they and when are they required?

The principal rules governing EPCs are the Energy performance of Buildings (England and Wales) Regulations 2012, SI 2012/3118 (EPC Regs 2012) (as amended), and the Building Regulations 2010, SI 2010/2214, which implemented the requirements of the recast Energy Performance of Buildings Directive 2010/31/EU (recast EPBD directive). The EPC Regs 2012 apply to all buildings in England and Wales.

Before the 2012 regulations, the Energy Performance of Buildings (Certificates and Inspections) (England and Wales) Regulations 2007, SI 2007/991 (as amended) gave effect to the original Energy Performance of Buildings Directive 2002/91/EC (original EPBD directive). The recast EPBD directive was produced following the European Council’s view that more specific actions were needed so that energy savings in buildings could be realised...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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