Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Sanctions definition

What does Sanctions mean? Sanctions are the penalties or procedural consequences a court imposes in civil litigation when a party fails to comply with procedural rules, practice directions or court orders. Common sanctions include striking out or dismissing a claim or defence, debarring a party from relying on evidence or experts, costs orders (including indemnity or wasted costs), stays, unless orders with automatic strike-out on non-compliance, and, in serious cases, contempt remedies. In England and Wales, sanctions are imposed under the Civil Procedure Rules (for example CPR r.3.1, r.3.4, r.3.5, r.32.10 and r.3.14). A party may seek relief from sanctions under CPR r.3.9,...

Environmental civil sanctions: non-compliance penalty notices in England and Wales—definition, assessment, notice contents and appeals

Published by a LexisNexis Environment expert

Practice notes

Regulatory Enforcement and Sanctions Act 2008 (RESA 2008)

The Regulatory Enforcement and Sanctions Act 2008 (RESA 2008) authorised regulators to handle offences using civil sanctions rather than prosecution. In 2010, the Environment agency (EA) and Natural England (NE) were granted powers covering a range of environmental offences. In 2015, the reach of civil sanctions expanded when the EA was enabled to accept enforcement undertakings for environmental permitting offences. The Environmental Civil Sanctions (England) Order 2010, SI 2010/1157 applies in England, and the Environmental Civil Sanctions (Wales) Order 2010, SI 2010/1821 applies in Wales. Schedule 5 of both instruments sets out which sanctions are available for each offence...

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Richard Macrory

University College London

Richard Macrory was the UK's first professor of environmental law, and is currently based in the Faculty of Laws, University College London where he founded the Centre for Law and the Environment. Professor Macrory has been a board member of the Environment Agency and was a member of the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution 1991 ' 2003. He has also been a specialist advisor to Select Committees in both the House of Commons and the House of Lords. He is a Bencher of Grays Inn. In 2006 he was appointed by the Cabinet Office for lead a Review on Regulatory Sanctions covering nearly all areas of business regulation. All the recommendations in his Review were accepted by Government. Important new powers for regulators resulting from his Review are now contained in Part 3 of the Regulatory Enforcement and Sanctions Act 2008....

Web page updated on 22/05/2026

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