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EU Benchmarks Regulation: scope, benchmark types, authorisation, third‑country use, ESG disclosures, enforcement, and 2025 reforms—practical overview for practitioners

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Practice notes
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This Practice Note offers high-level guidance on Regulation (EU) 2016/1011 (the EU Benchmarks Regulation). For more detailed coverage, see Practice Note: EU Benchmarks Regulation—essentials.

Background to the EU Benchmarks Regulation

Benchmarks are central to pricing a vast array of financial instruments and both commercial and non-commercial agreements. After instances of manipulation in certain benchmarks, including LIBOR, widespread doubts arose over the reliability of benchmarks as a whole. Regulators responded with investigations and enforcement measures across multiple benchmarks. In this context, on 18 September 2013 the Commission put forward a proposal for a regulation on indices used as benchmarks in financial instruments and financial contracts. The EU Benchmarks Regulation was published in the Official Journal of the EU on 29 June 2016, took effect on 30 June 2016, and the bulk of its provisions have applied since 1 January 2018.

Objectives of the EU Benchmarks Regulation

The EU Benchmarks Regulation seeks to protect investors and rebuild consumer confidence in indices used as benchmarks in financial instruments and financial contracts, or to assess the performance of investment funds, as well as in the benchmark-setting process. It also aims to resolve the issue of transparency in all aspects of...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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