Jurisdiction(s):
European Union

EU Nature Restoration Regulation 2024/1991: scope, ecosystem targets, national restoration plans, derogations, peatland rewetting, urban/river/marine measures, monitoring and reporting

Published by a LexisNexis EU Law expert

Practice notes

Background European Green Deal and the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030

The European Green Deal was unveiled in December 2019 as a blueprint to make the EU’s economy sustainable by reframing climate and environmental hurdles as opportunities across every policy domain, and ensuring a fair, inclusive transition for everyone.

As a component of the Green Deal, the Commission adopted the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 on 20 May 2020. From this Strategy emerged the principal legislative initiative: the first EU‑level ‘Nature Restoration Act’.

Until 2024, the EU’s biodiversity law rested chiefly on three pillars:

Habitats Directive (Directive 92/43/EEC)
Birds Directive (Directive 2009/147/EC)
Water Framework Directive (Directive 2000/60/EC)

Collectively, these Directives require Member States to take suitable steps to conserve and revive natural habitats, wild fauna and flora, and aquatic ecosystems, and to guard them against decline.

The proposed Nature Restoration Act set out specific obligations and targets indicating where and how such ‘appropriate measures’ should be carried out, with the express aim of restoring degraded ecosystems throughout the EU. This process resulted in Regulation (EU) 2024/1991 of 24 June 2024 on nature restoration...

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Web page updated on 22/05/2026

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