Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

EU state aid definition

What does EU state aid mean? In practice, EU state aid describes measures by which a public authority uses state resources to confer a selective economic advantage on an undertaking, favouring certain businesses or the production of goods, and thereby distorting (or threatening to distort) competition and affecting trade between EU Member States. The concept is defined in Articles 107–109 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and developed by Court of Justice case law and European Commission practice. Aid exists where the measure is imputable to the state and financed through state resources, grants a selective advantage, and has the requisite...

EU State aid decisions tracker: Commission decisions under the TCF, TCTF and CISAF frameworks

Published by a LexisNexis Competition expert

Practice notes

On 23 March 2022, the European commission (Commission) introduced a Temporary Crisis Framework (TCF), under Article 107(3)(b) TFEU, enabling member States to deploy the available flexibilities in state aid rules to bolster the economy in the context of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. On 9 March 2023, the Commission unveiled the Temporary Crisis and Transition Framework (TCTF) to back measures in sectors that are pivotal to speeding up the green transition and cutting fuel dependencies. The TCTF superseded the TCF. On 25 June 2025, the Commission adopted the Clean Industrial Deal State Aid Framework (CISAF) to underpin the Clean Industrial Deal. CISAF took the place of the TCTF. It will apply until 31 December 2030. This document monitors every Commission decision issued under the TCF, TCTF and CISAF.

NOTE—For all Commission State aid decisions issued by the Commission under the Temporary Framework for the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, please see further—Coronavirus (COVID-19)—State aid case tracker
NOTE—For all ongoing and concluded Commission decisions involving State aid under the standard rules, please see further—eu state aid decisions—ongoing cases tracker and EU State aid decisions—closed cases tracker
NOTE—For information on all State aid appeals before the General Court, see further General...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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