Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

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Key definition

FIDIC definition

What does FIDIC mean? In legal practice, FIDIC usually means the suite of standard‑form construction and engineering contracts published by the International federation of Consulting Engineers (Fédération Internationale des Ingénieurs‑Conseils), rather than the organisation itself. It is an industry term, not defined in legislation or case law. FIDIC contracts (commonly the Red, Yellow, Silver, Green, Gold, Blue and Emerald Books) are widely used on international infrastructure, EPC and design‑and‑build projects. Key legal features include the Engineer’s role as contract administrator and decision‑maker, detailed risk allocation, provisions on variations, payment, extensions of time and claims, strict notice and time‑bar requirements, and tiered dispute resolution using...

FIDIC 2017 Red, Yellow and Silver Books: Clause 21 dispute avoidance and resolution: DAAB process, NODs, amicable settlement, ICC arbitration (seat selection), and HGCRA 1996 adjudication

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Practice notes

This Practice Note reviews the Dispute resolution route set out in the 2017 FIDIC Red, Yellow and Silver Books. As with the 1999 editions and the Gold and Pink Books, they adopt a ‘multi-tiered’ mechanism: first a referral to the Dispute Avoidance/Adjudication Board (DAAB), then, if needed, amicable settlement, and finally arbitration. The dispute provisions sit in clause 21. For guidance on the earlier suite, see Practice Note: FIDIC contracts (pre‑2017 editions)—dispute resolution.

When does a ‘Dispute’ arise?

Where a ‘Dispute’ arises, either party may trigger the contractual process by sending it to the DAAB. ‘Dispute’ is defined at clause 1 and is broad, but parties must ensure the correct steps have been followed before approaching the DAAB. By way of example, where the matter concerns entitlement or relief other than payment, an extension of time, or an extension of the defects notification period, clause 20.1 makes clear that this is not a ‘Dispute’ and requires the claim first to be submitted to the Engineer (Employer’s Representative)...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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