Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

RO definition

What does RO mean? RO is an abbreviation used in energy regulation to mean, depending on context, either the Renewables Obligation or a Reliability Option. Renewables Obligation: a statutory obligation on licensed electricity suppliers in Great Britain and Northern Ireland to present Renewables Obligation Certificates (ROCs) or pay a buy‑out. It is made under the Electricity Act 1989 and secondary legislation (the Renewables Obligation Orders for England & Wales and Scotland, and the Northern Ireland Renewables Obligation Order). Ofgem administers the scheme (including NI administration). The scheme is closed to new generation (from 2017, subject to grace periods), but ongoing compliance, ROC trading and buy‑out/recycle...

Biomethane gas-to-grid: legal, regulatory and commercial overview, key project documents, grid connection, financing and incentives

Published by a LexisNexis Energy expert

Practice notes

What are biogas and biomethane and how are they produced?

Biogas is a blend of methane and carbon dioxide formed when organic material breaks down through anaerobic digestion. It is chemically the same as fossil gas as both originate from the same matter, though it is produced differently—and the process can be more renewable and sustainable than fossil fuel gases. Biomethane is created by upgrading and purifying biogas, allowing it to be used as a fuel that can be transported and used in homes. It can be moved using the existing infrastructure for fossil gas, i.e. the gas grid.

Uses of biomethane

Although this note mainly focuses on gas to grid projects (i.e. transporting biomethane on the natural gas grid), there are other applications for biogas and/or biomethane.

Heat

Biogas can be burnt to produce heat. The energy generated can maintain the digester’s temperature and warm nearby buildings, with surplus heat supplied to remote users via a district heating system.

Electricity

Historically, generating electricity from biogas has been a more viable route than producing heat, as it requires lower initial capital expenditure...

To view the latest version of this document and thousands of others like it, sign-in with LexisNexis or register for a free trial.

Ellen Beardsworth

Addleshaw Goddard

Ellen joined Addleshaw Goddard's IPE team in January 2018 having previously qualified into construction. She has experience advising both public and private sector clients on a wide range of transactional infrastructure and renewable energy projects including CHP, electric vehicles, solar, wind and district heating. Ellen has completed two secondments within the legal team at a national rail infrastructure company, supporting their business. Her other recent experience includes:being a key member of the AG team advising VW on their £multi-billion EV project with Ford as part of the wider strategic partnership between VW and Ford;advising Southern Water on the procurement and development of a reservoir in conjunction with Portsmouth Water; andadvising one of the largest energy consumers in the UK on the drafting and negotiation of their corporate PPA as part of a decarbonisation programme; andadvising Aberdeen Standard on the...

Web page updated on 21/05/2026

Popular documents

Using the Judicial College Guidelines to assess general damages in personal injury claims

When evaluating a general damages claim, the practitioner ought initially to refer to the Judicial College Guidelines (JCG)...

Tomlin orders in England and Wales: CPR guidance on drafting, confidentiality, approval, variation, enforcement, limitation, CCA issues, court-specific requirements, sample wording and precedents

This Practice Note This Practice Note reviews mechanisms used in settling litigation. A Tomlin order consists of a consent order paired with a schedule. It operates to stay proceedings on terms that have been agreed. The provisions contained in the schedule may remain confidential. This Practice Note describes the scope of confidentiality attaching to the schedule and sets out how it differs from a standard consent order. Sample wording for a Tomlin order is included, alongside links to precedents, as well as guidance on court approval. It also addresses varying, setting aside and enforcing a Tomlin order, including the considerations the court will take into account when handling applications for each. Further guidance is provided on interpreting and applying the relevant provisions of the CPR; however, some courts and divisions impose very specific requirements for both drafting and approval, and for approaching the schedule and confidentiality issues. Accordingly, you must consider the particular rules and court guide provisions in the forum where your claim is proceeding when drawing up the Tomlin order...

Precedent: Deed of Surrender of Lease with Optional Premium, Settlement and Release, Landlord, Mortgagee and Guarantor Consents, Reimbursement and HM Land Registry Provisions (England and Wales)

Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...

Precedent Statutory Declaration: Standard Wording under the Statutory Declarations Act 1835

I, [ name ], of [ address ], solemnly and sincerely state that: [ Matters to be verified, set out in numbered paragraphs ] I make this solemn statement in good conscience, believing it to be true, and pursuant to the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835. DECLARED at [ details ] this [ day ] day of [ month and year ] Before me ................................................................................ [ signature of the person before whom the declaration is made ] A [ commissioner for oaths OR [ solicitor OR [ insert other qualification ] ] authorised to administer oaths ]...