Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Hazardous substances definition

What does Hazardous substances mean? In practice, hazardous substances are solids, liquids or gases capable of harming human health, damaging property, or adversely affecting the environment and ecological systems. The term is an umbrella expression used across environmental, health and safety, and planning law rather than a single, uniform legal definition. Specific regimes define or list substances and thresholds differently. In UK planning law, the hazardous substances consent (HSC) regime controls the presence of named substances above controlled quantities (England and Wales: Planning (Hazardous Substances) Act 1990 and 2015 Regulations; Scotland: 1997 Act and 2015 Regulations; Northern Ireland: 1991 Order and 2015 Regulations). Health and safety...

UK pesticides, plant protection products and biocides post-Brexit: GB assimilated law, NI Windsor Framework, approvals, MRLs, CLP, and use controls

Published by a LexisNexis Environment expert

Practice notes

What are pesticides and biocides?

Pesticides and biocides are substances or living agents used to manage pests, including harmful or unwanted animals, plants, fungi, viruses, and bacteria that cause damage. The term ‘pesticide’ is often used as if it were the same as ‘plant protection product’, but ‘pesticide’ can be wider in scope and may include biocidal products. ‘Plant protection product’ refers specifically to pesticides that protect crops or other plants, typically used in agriculture, forestry, and public or private horticulture. Plant protection products (PPPs) and biocides can cause significant water pollution and Land contamination, especially if they enter surface waters or groundwater. Concerns are also sometimes expressed about their potential effects on human health.

Plant protection products (PPPs)

PPPs include at least one component that acts against pests or plant diseases, called an ‘active substance’, and they serve one or more of the following purposes:

protect plants or plant products from pests or diseases, before or after harvest
influence plant life processes (for example, substances affecting growth, excluding nutrients)
preserve plant products
destroy, control, or prevent the growth of unwanted plants or plant parts

Active substances can be chemicals, plant extracts, pheromones, or micro-organisms...

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Web page updated on 22/05/2026

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