Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Group definition

What does Group mean? Group describes, in practice, the corporate family around a company: that company, its subsidiaries, its holding (parent) company, and the subsidiaries of that holding company. While “group” itself is a descriptive label, the constituent terms are defined in legislation: in the UK, Companies Act 2006 defines “subsidiary” and “holding company” (s.1159) and “parent/subsidiary undertaking” and “group undertaking” (ss.1161–1162); in Ireland, the Companies Act 2014 defines “subsidiary” and “holding company” (eg s.7). Practitioners commonly incorporate those statutory definitions by reference. Typical contractual usage is: in relation to a company, that company, any subsidiary or holding company [from time to...

Group Litigation Orders (GLOs) in England and Wales: scope, management, costs, alternatives and remedies under CPR 19 and PD 19B

Published by a LexisNexis Dispute Resolution expert

Practice notes

Note: With effect from 6 April 2023, the provisions in cpr 19 were renumbered and amended pursuant to the Civil Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2023, SI 2023/105—see LNB News 02/02/2023 98—Amendments to the Civil Procedure Rules in force on 6 April 2023—The Civil Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2023. Further, modest amendments were made to CPR PD 19B by the 153rd practice direction update to the CPR—see LNB News 07/02/2023 72—153rd Practice Direction update—changes in force 31 January 2023 and 6 April 2023. The provisions addressing group litigation orders (GLOs) are now contained in CPR 19.21 to CPR 19.26 (renumbered from CPR 19.10 to CPR 19.15) and CPR PD 19B. However, note that many of the cases referenced below (decided before 6 April 2023) still cite the old numbering. Where the context of the provision has changed since the case was determined, this is explained.

What is a group litigation order?

A court may oversee multiple claims through a GLO. Such an order can be made before or after the commencement of proceedings, for the management and trial of a number of claims together. It is appropriate where numerous claims give rise to shared or related issues...

To view the latest version of this document and thousands of others like it, sign-in with LexisNexis or register for a free trial.

Andrew Wilson

Andrew has more than 25 years’ experience of working in the fields of personal injury and occupational disease litigation, acting for both claimants and defendants. He trained at L Bingham & Co, gaining early experience in a number of important high profile claims involving the MIB. During the 1990s Andrew worked at Hextalls and then Kennedys, predominantly for defendants across a range of motor, employers’ liability and public liability matters many of which involved serious injuries or death. More recently, he has dealt with cases for claimants who have suffered serious injuries or occupational disease. He was a partner in a large specialist practice. He has provided seminars to solicitors and other legal professionals both for an external conference company and in house on the workings of the Civil Procedure Rules in the context of personal injury claims, amongst other...

Web page updated on 22/05/2026

Popular documents

Using the Judicial College Guidelines to assess general damages in personal injury claims

When evaluating a general damages claim, the practitioner ought initially to refer to the Judicial College Guidelines (JCG)...

Tomlin orders in England and Wales: CPR guidance on drafting, confidentiality, approval, variation, enforcement, limitation, CCA issues, court-specific requirements, sample wording and precedents

This Practice Note This Practice Note reviews mechanisms used in settling litigation. A Tomlin order consists of a consent order paired with a schedule. It operates to stay proceedings on terms that have been agreed. The provisions contained in the schedule may remain confidential. This Practice Note describes the scope of confidentiality attaching to the schedule and sets out how it differs from a standard consent order. Sample wording for a Tomlin order is included, alongside links to precedents, as well as guidance on court approval. It also addresses varying, setting aside and enforcing a Tomlin order, including the considerations the court will take into account when handling applications for each. Further guidance is provided on interpreting and applying the relevant provisions of the CPR; however, some courts and divisions impose very specific requirements for both drafting and approval, and for approaching the schedule and confidentiality issues. Accordingly, you must consider the particular rules and court guide provisions in the forum where your claim is proceeding when drawing up the Tomlin order...

Precedent: Deed of Surrender of Lease with Optional Premium, Settlement and Release, Landlord, Mortgagee and Guarantor Consents, Reimbursement and HM Land Registry Provisions (England and Wales)

Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...

Precedent Statutory Declaration: Standard Wording under the Statutory Declarations Act 1835

I, [ name ], of [ address ], solemnly and sincerely state that: [ Matters to be verified, set out in numbered paragraphs ] I make this solemn statement in good conscience, believing it to be true, and pursuant to the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835. DECLARED at [ details ] this [ day ] day of [ month and year ] Before me ................................................................................ [ signature of the person before whom the declaration is made ] A [ commissioner for oaths OR [ solicitor OR [ insert other qualification ] ] authorised to administer oaths ]...