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New York law high‑yield bond indentures: trustee role, duties, protections and enforcement—comprehensive checklist (with BRRD bail‑in and FATCA considerations) for UK lawyers

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Introduction

High yield bonds sit within securities regulation and, save for a few narrow carve-outs, are subject to New York law irrespective of the issuer’s domicile. They are brought to market under an indenture, which also provides for the appointment of a trustee to act for the bondholders. For further detail on the high yield product, see Practice Notes: Introductory guide to high yield bonds and High yield debt in 11 jurisdictions worldwide. For a snapshot of the principal deal papers needed for a high yield issuance, see Checklist: Issuing high yield bonds-documents list. Beyond setting out the issuer’s key covenants, the indenture includes provisions required to administer the bonds and to enable the bond trustee to discharge its duties. The trustee’s core role is to handle administrative matters for bondholders before any default and, where appropriate, to pursue enforcement on their behalf. For commentary on material terms and covenants in high yield, see: Introductory guide to high yield bonds-High yield bond terms and Practice Note: Covenants and other key terms in the European high‑yield market. This checklist proceeds on the basis that the outlined legal framework and trustee responsibilities govern issuance, ongoing administration, and any required enforcement as applicable...

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Ranajoy Basu
Ranajoy Basu

Ranajoy Basu focuses his practice on structured finance with key experience in debt capital markets transactions. He has a broad range of experience in international capital markets advising a wide range of participants, including arrangers, originators, servicers and trustees, in connection with the securitisation of a wide variety of assets in numerous jurisdictions, including emerging markets transactions.Ranajoy has a particular focus on emerging markets transactions, and is recognised as an industry leader by both Legal 500 and Chambers. He is the Head of India practice. He regularly advises on a broad range of capital markets and complex structured finance transactions including external foreign currency convertible bonds (FCCBs) and qualified institutional placements (QIPs) relating to India. He has advised banks on some of the largest corporate debt defaults and restructuring in India. Ranajoy is recognised as one of the World’s leading lawyers in...

Web page updated on 26/05/2026

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