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United Kingdom
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Key definition
Upstream definition

What does Upstream mean? In legal practice, “upstream” describes exploration and production (E&P) activities: acquiring rights to search for petroleum, conducting seismic and appraisal, drilling and field development, and producing hydrocarbons to the point of export or entry into midstream infrastructure. It is a widely used commercial and regulatory descriptor rather than a defined statutory term, appearing across contracts, regulatory guidance and transaction documents. Typical upstream documents include petroleum licences and leases, assignments and farm-out agreements, joint operating agreements (JOAs), drilling and oilfield services contracts, security and project finance instruments, and decommissioning arrangements. Key legal issues include title to petroleum in situ and on production,...

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UK Oil and Gas: Key Industry Bodies, Codes, Licences and Guidance (including 2024 DESNZ/Ofgem code reforms)

Published by a LexisNexis Energy expert
Practice notes
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Industry Bodies and Codes—Oil & Gas Industry Bodies

In March 2024, the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) and Ofgem opened a consultation on code reforms aimed at delivering more strategic changes across the codes in consumers’ interests. For more information, see: LNB News 11/03/2024 48. In August 2024, Ofgem set out its decision on implementing energy code reform following that consultation, outlining intended next steps for itself and DESNZ. Subsequently, in October 2024, DESNZ and Ofgem issued their joint response to the March 2024 consultation. For more information, see: LNB News 08/10/2024 38.

Body Details

  • Association of International Energy Negotiators (AIEN) (formerly the Association of International Petroleum Negotiators): an independent, not-for-profit professional membership organisation that supports international energy negotiators globally and promotes their effectiveness and professionalism within the international energy community.
  • International Association of Oil & Gas Producers (IGOP): the voice of the global Upstream industry, acting as a worldwide partner to regulators to improve safety, environmental and social performance.
  • National Energy System Operator (NESO): a new industry body created under the Energy Act 2023. NESO...
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Web page updated on 22/05/2026

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