Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Rules definition

What does Rules mean? Rules describes the written provisions that govern how a pension scheme operates—especially occupational pension schemes—usually contained in, or annexed to, the trust deed (trust deed and rules). Legislation refers to these as scheme rules (for example, Pensions Act 1995 and Pensions Act 2004 in the UK, and the Pensions Act 1990 in Ireland). Scheme rules set out eligibility, benefit structure (defined benefit or defined contribution), contributions, service and accrual, retirement options and ages, revaluation/indexation, ill‑health and death benefits, transfers in and out, leaver provisions, forfeiture, augmentation, priority on winding‑up, discretions and decision‑making, and the scheme’s amendment and termination powers. They also...

Interim relief in Singapore arbitration: tribunal and court powers, emergency arbitrators, applicable standards and enforcement under the IAA, AA and 2025 SIAC Rules

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Practice notes

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Interim relief

As a general proposition, interim relief comprises measures designed to preserve the status quo between parties until their dispute is resolved. Such orders may prevent the dissipation of assets in issue, forestall the destruction of evidence, or address any other concern that threatens to influence the result and/or the effectiveness of the ultimate anticipated decision (e.g. restraining court proceedings brought in breach of an arbitration agreement). The availability of interim relief is a crucial procedural tool safeguarding the integrity of arbitral proceedings. In its absence, a final arbitral award could be rendered nugatory and any ultimate relief thwarted. In Singapore, the International Arbitration Act (IAA) and the Arbitration Act (AA) alike authorise Singapore-seated tribunals, as well as the Singapore courts, to grant interim measures in aid of arbitration. In addition, both the 2001 AA and the IAA allow parties to exclude or curtail the scope of powers vested in tribunals by statute, or indeed to confer powers not expressly set out in the legislation, subject to overriding public policy considerations—see Sundaresh Menon’s Arbitration in Singapore: A Practical Guide (Sweet & Maxwell) (2nd Ed, 2018) at [12.109]. as reflected in the AA, the IAA, and the cited Practical Guide therein...

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Ng Kim Beng

Rajah & Tann LLP

Kim Beng is a dispute resolution lawyer whose focus is on international arbitration. He is a senior member of Rajah & Tann's International Arbitration Practice. The practice has been consistently listed by the Global Arbitration Review as among the top arbitration practices in Asia. Regularly involved in institutional and ad hoc arbitrations, Kim Beng has represented clients in disputes on projects in building and construction, investment and joint ventures, finance, power, oil & gas and telecommunications infrastructure and networks. In addition to representing a number of public-listed corporations in Singapore, he also acts for leading companies from Asia, Europe and the United States, in their cross-border disputes and international arbitration matters. Kim Beng also contributes to law reform initiatives in Singapore, serving as a member of the Sub-Committee for the Review of Building and Construction Law in Singapore under the Law Reform...

David Isidore Tan

Rajah & Tann LLP

David is a Partner in Rajah & Tann Singapore LLP’s International Arbitration and Construction & Projects Practice.He has experience with litigation in the Singapore courts, as well as arbitration and arbitration-related court proceedings involving SIAC, ICC, UNCITRAL and LCIA arbitrations (both commercial and investor- State). His matters have concerned projects, joint ventures, intellectual property rights, and other commercial and civil disputes. He has been described as “hardworking”, “always up to date on the research”, and “always taking the initiative for efficient case management” (The Legal 500 Asia Pacific, 2024).David is the author / a co-author of various articles on international commercial and investor-State arbitration, and a co-drafter of the CIArb Guidelines for Witness Conferencing in International Arbitration (with Explanatory Notes) (named the ‘Best Innovation by an Individual or Organisationʼ at the 2019 GAR Awards). He is currently an Assistant Editor for...

Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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