Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Academy school definition

What does Academy school mean? In practice, an academy school is a state‑funded school in England run by an academy trust (a charitable company limited by guarantee) rather than the local authority, with its rights and obligations governed primarily by a funding agreement with the Department for Education (DfE). The concept and legal framework are set out in the Academies Act 2010, with detailed operational requirements in DfE model funding agreements and guidance. Key features include independence from local authority control, governance under articles of association, Ofsted inspection, compliance with the School Admissions Code and exclusions framework, and employment of staff by the academy...

Academy Schools in England: Types, Statutory Regime, Funding Agreements, Local Authority Role and Conversion

Published by a LexisNexis Local Government expert

Practice notes

Three types of academy

A large share of state-funded secondary Schools in England now operate as academies. The Department for Education (DfE) routinely relEAses a spreadsheet setting out the overall number of academies, with information on schools that have converted or are in the process of doing so. There are no academies in Wales. Although the Academies ACT 2010 (AcA 2010) extends to Wales, the provisions for establishing and funding new academies apply solely in England. The statutory definition of an Academy school appears in AcA 2010, s 1A. In legal terms, academy schools are treated as independent schools, but their independence is from the local authority in whose area they sit, not from the state.

a ‘special academy’ where it is arranged to provide special educational provision for pupils with special educational needs
an alternative provision (AP) academy, as defined in AcA 2010, s 1C; these are 'schools' (see section 4(1C) of the Education Act 1996 (EA 1996)) and are broadly comparable to maintained-sector pupil referral units (PRUs)...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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