Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Midstream definition

What does Midstream mean? In legal practice, midstream describes the oil and gas activities between exploration/production (upstream) and refining/retail (downstream). It typically includes gas processing and NGL extraction, gathering systems, onshore and offshore pipelines, LNG liquefaction and regasification, terminals, storage (including caverns and tank farms), transportation and, sometimes, wholesale marketing/trading. The term is descriptive rather than defined in UK or Irish legislation or case law, but the underlying activities are regulated. Key legal features include pipeline authorisations and wayleaves/servitudes; capacity, transportation and throughput agreements; processing and tolling arrangements; terminal use and storage contracts; third‑party access and tariffs (especially for gas networks); health, safety...

Midstream and Downstream Oil and Gas Stakeholders: States, SOEs, Regulators, Investors, IGOs and Civil Society; Regulatory, ESG and Commercial Drivers and Conflicts Across Transport, Storage, Processing, Wholesale and Retail

Published by a LexisNexis Energy expert

Practice notes

Key stakeholders in Midstream & downstream activities of the Oil & Gas industry

While regional markets continue to show distinct characteristics, this Practice Note highlights that the orthodox view of ‘key stakeholders’ is widening to encompass a broader range of interests, including ‘non‑financial’ priorities—such as environmental considerations—across midstream and downstream operations. Regional nuances remain material, yet the conversation is shifting. Pinpointing the ‘key stakeholders’ in the Oil & Gas sector calls for close attention to the industry’s day‑to‑day realities. As the phrase suggests, identifying key stakeholders first involves defining the ‘stakes’ in play (that is, the interests or objectives) and, in turn, recognising the parties who possess them. To frame the discussion, a concise outline of the Oil & Gas industry is useful. Broadly, the sector is segmented into three principal areas: Upstream, midstream and downstream. Accordingly, stakeholder mapping should be aligned with practical functions and flows within midstream and downstream chains...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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