Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Investments definition

What does Investments mean? In practice, investments are financial products or rights acquired with the expectation of income or capital growth, such as shares, bonds, fund units and derivatives. In UK financial services law, however, the regulated concept is “specified investments” under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Regulated Activities) Order 2001 (SI 2001/544) (RAO). This defined list includes, among others, shares, debentures and loan stock, government and public securities, warrants, units in a collective investment scheme, options and futures, contracts for differences, and rights under a contract of insurance. Whether a firm must be authorised, may communicate financial promotions, or owes particular...

Latvia: FDI Screening and Land Ownership Restrictions — National Security, Critical Infrastructure and Recent Reforms

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Practice notes

1. What is the applicable legislation?

There is no single statute, nor a unified framework, regulating foreign direct investment (FDI) in Latvia. Nonetheless, certain fields are subject to investment limitations. The principal legislation is the National Security Law of the Republic of Latvia 2002 (as amended) (National Security Law 2002). In early 2017, the National Security Law 2002 was revised to introduce a regime that requires Government consent for particular changes affecting companies of national security importance. The regime’s requirements are elaborated in Cabinet of Ministers Regulation No. 311, ‘Procedure for Preventing Threats to Commercial Companies, Societies and Foundations of Importance to National Security’. Another sphere where foreign investment is curtailed is the acquisition of land, especially agricultural and forest land. These constraints have been shaped through various enactments, including the Law On Land Privatisation in Rural Areas 1993 (as amended) and the Law on Land Reform in the Cities of the Republic of Latvia 2005 (as amended).

2. Which government or other body (or bodies) reviews foreign investments?

Latvia does not maintain a stand-alone authority dealing exclusively with foreign investment control. The Ministry of Economics serves as the coordinating body...

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Web page updated on 27/05/2026

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