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Arbitration definition What does Arbitration mean? Arbitration is a private process where parties resolve disputes by one or more arbitrators who issue a final, binding award instead of a court judgment. It is consensual, usually agreed by an arbitration clause, and the law of the seat governs the procedure (lex arbitri). In England and Wales and Northern Ireland, the Arbitration Act 1996 applies. Courts stay court proceedings in favour of arbitration, provide support, and enforce awards; challenges are limited to lack of jurisdiction (s.67), serious irregularity (s.68) and, unless excluded, appeal on a point of law (s.69). In Scotland, the Arbitration (Scotland) Act 2010 provides a similar...
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Comparative guide to leading maritime arbitration organisations, procedural rules and model clauses: LMAA, SMA, CMAC, SCMA
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LexisNexis Arbitration expert
Practice notes
Maritime arbitration organisations
Many maritime disputes are resolved under the procedural frameworks of specialist maritime arbitration bodies, which advocate and circulate model arbitration clauses. In most cases, those bodies do not themselves run or supervise the proceedings. Historically, the principal centres have been London and New York. Yet, as trade has shifted from Europe and North America towards the Asia–Pacific, new institutions have emerged, notably in China (Beijing and Shanghai) and in Singapore. The foremost organisations are the London Maritime Arbitrators Association (LMAA), the Society of Maritime Arbitrators (SMA), the China Maritime Arbitration Commission (CMAC) and the Singapore Chamber of Maritime Arbitration (SCMA). A synopsis of the current procedural rules for each appears in the table below. Comprehensive information about these bodies, including their panels of arbitrators and their rules, is available on their websites, which are likewise listed below. The International Congress of Maritime Arbitrators (ICMA) serves as a forum for maritime arbitrators and lawyers, together with professionals from the maritime and marine insurance industry, convening conferences every two to four years to advance maritime arbitration worldwide. ICMA also gives details of the websites of 17 national maritime arbitration organisations...
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Web page updated on 21/05/2026
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