Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Disputes definition

What does Disputes mean? In legal practice, disputes are disagreements giving rise to potential legal rights and remedies between parties, addressed through dispute resolution including litigation, arbitration and ADR such as mediation and negotiation. The term is descriptive rather than a defined statutory concept; the substantive rights and procedures arise from statute and common law. Typical features include identification of the cause of action, applicable limitation periods, choice of jurisdiction and forum, compliance with pre-action protocols or pre-action correspondence, disclosure/discovery, evidence, settlement, costs and enforcement. Usage is broadly consistent across England & Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Ireland, though civil procedure differs: CPR in England...

International oil and gas disputes: planning and drafting, dispute types (company–company, investor–state, state–state), ADR and arbitration (including treaty claims), enforcement, funding, and key institutions

Published by a LexisNexis Energy expert

Practice notes

Oil and gas Disputes

A large share of international arbitration concerns energy matters, and that pattern is expected to persist. This Practice Note looks at dispute categories in oil and gas, how to plan for contentious events, the available Dispute resolution routes, and the principal institutions involved...

Types of disputes

As noted in Practice Note: Arbitration in the energy sector—an introduction, the sector gives rise to a broad array of disputes. In oil and gas specifically, as set out in Practice Note: Oil and gas projects—contracts and disputes, cases are typically cross-border and often span multiple contracts and parties. Issues commonly include:

Claims under joint operating agreements
Cost recovery disputes
Expropriation
Environmental damage
Property damage
Service contract disputes (drilling rig and seismic services)
Faulty construction
Insurance/reinsurance cover disputes
Gas price reviews
Pre-emption rights
Shareholder claims

Energy projects can lead to both commercial arbitration and investment arbitration...

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Liz Kantor

Herbert Smith Freehills Kramer

Liz is an experienced international arbitration lawyer and solicitor advocate. She was admitted as a solicitor in England and Wales in September 2011 after completing her training contract at Herbert Smith Freehills LLP. Liz has spent her entire career in the international arbitration team at Herbert Smith Freehills LLP, in both the London and Singapore offices. She extensive experience of acting as counsel in large and complex international commercial and investment treaty arbitrations under all the major arbitration institutions. She recently became a professional support lawyer for the Herbert Smith Freehills LLP global arbitration team....

Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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