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United Kingdom
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Key definition
Outsourcing definition

What does Outsourcing mean? Outsourcing is the engagement of a third-party supplier to perform functions or services that would otherwise be carried out in-house, with the instructing organisation (including law firms and in-house legal teams) retaining responsibility for the outcome, client care and regulatory compliance. The term is descriptive rather than a single statutory concept, although sectoral rules define it for specific purposes (for example, FCA/PRA and Central Bank of Ireland rules on material outsourcing; SRA Standards and Regulations and law society rules on supervision, confidentiality and client notification). Typical features include an outsourcing agreement or master services agreement setting service levels, governance, audit...

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Outsourcing and UK VAT: liability, VAT recovery, financial services exemptions, TOGC, VAT groups, composite supplies, staff provision, service fees, rebates and cross-border considerations

Published by a LexisNexis Tax expert
Practice notes
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To cut expenditure and drive efficiency, many companies now sub-contract elements of their operations to external providers, commonly referred to as ‘Outsourcing’. There are no dedicated statutes, tax rules included, that govern outsourcing arrangements, and the term has no precise legal definition. As a result, each outsourcing deal turns on its own facts and throws up a different combination of tax considerations, VAT among them. This Practice Note highlights the key VAT points to assess when dealing with outsourcing. For broader tax considerations, see Practice Note: Outsourcing—general tax issues. This Practice Note addresses contractual outsourcing; for joint venture outsourcing, see: Joint ventures and tax—overview...

VAT liability of outsourced Supply

A central question for outsourced services is how their VAT liability is treated. As a general rule, unless the services fall within a VAT exemption, qualify for the zero rate, or sit outside the scope of VAT (for example, certain intra-group supplies), those services will attract VAT at the standard rate...

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Jo Crookshank
Jo Crookshank

Jo Crookshank is a VAT partner at Simmons & Simmons LLP and leads the technology, media and telecoms tax practice. Jo specialises in complex technical advice, supply chain and cross-border tax issues....

Gary Barnett
Gary Barnett

Gary is a senior professional support lawyer in the corporate tax group at Simmons & Simmons. Before becoming a professional support lawyer, he qualified at another major international law firm and advised on a wide range of corporate tax and VAT matters, with a particular emphasis on M&A transactions. Gary became a professional support lawyer at Simmons & Simmons in 1996 and has since been responsible for developing the knowledge management strategy for the corporate tax group and providing support to the tax teams across Simmons & Simmons international network. Gary has written extensively on a wide range of tax topics and has previously contributed VAT commentary for De Voil Indirect Tax Service....

Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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