Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Arbitration definition

What does Arbitration mean? Arbitration is a private process where parties resolve disputes by one or more arbitrators who issue a final, binding award instead of a court judgment. It is consensual, usually agreed by an arbitration clause, and the law of the seat governs the procedure (lex arbitri). In England and Wales and Northern Ireland, the Arbitration Act 1996 applies. Courts stay court proceedings in favour of arbitration, provide support, and enforce awards; challenges are limited to lack of jurisdiction (s.67), serious irregularity (s.68) and, unless excluded, appeal on a point of law (s.69). In Scotland, the Arbitration (Scotland) Act 2010 provides a similar...

PACT for LTA 1954 Lease Renewals in England and Wales: Process, Appointment of Arbitrator or Expert, Issues, Fees, Pros and Cons

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Practice notes

Professional Arbitration on Court Terms (PACT)

Professional Arbitration on Court Terms (PACT) is a collaboration between the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) and the Law Society, providing an Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanism for lease renewal Disputes under the Landlord and Tenant Act 1954 (LTA 1954) (see: PACT—Lease renewal disputes for a link to the joint Law Society and PACT guidance note: Surveyors And Lawyers Involved In Tenancy Renewals Under PACT).

This Practice Note outlines PACT’s objectives, how the process functions, which variant of PACT is most appropriate and the choice between appointing an arbitrator or an independent expert, alongside fee considerations, as well as the key advantages and disadvantages.

PACT offers landlords and tenants a route to settle unresolved issues on a renewal lease without resorting to court. For additional guidance on lease renewals and the relevant procedures, see Practice Notes: LTA 1954 business lease renewal—proceedings and LTA 1954 business lease renewal—termination.

With the consent of both parties, the outstanding terms of the renewal lease can be referred to a neutral third party, acting either as an arbitrator or as an independent expert, for determination. The third party’s decision is binding (subject to appeal)...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...

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