Jurisdiction(s):
European Union

Permanent residence under EU/EEA and Swiss free movement rules: acquisition after five years, early acquisition for workers and family members, and loss

Published by a LexisNexis EU Law expert

Practice notes

For the purposes of this Practice Note, references to ‘EU nationals’ extend to nationals of the European Economic Area (EEA). The EEA covers the 27 EU Member States together with Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein. Switzerland is party to an agreement between the EU and the Swiss Confederation that sets out free movement provisions closely aligned with those in Directive 2004/38/EC (the Citizens’ Directive). The Citizens’ Directive introduced the right of permanent residence (PR) and became directly effective on 30 April 2006, coinciding with the expiry of the deadline for transposition of that Directive.

Permanent residence-acquisition and loss

On obtaining PR, an EU national, a non‑EU national who is their family member, or a non‑EU national who has retained a right of residence under EU law, will no...

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Web page updated on 27/05/2026

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