Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Related legal acts

Key definition

Appeal definition

What does Appeal mean? An appeal is the process for challenging a decision and asking a higher court, tribunal or internal decision-maker to review it, for example after a disciplinary or dismissal outcome, or a court or tribunal judgment. The term is descriptive; the available routes, time limits and tests are set by statute and procedural rules (e.g., CPR Part 52 in England & Wales), not by a single definition. Key features across England & Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Ireland include: strict filing deadlines; permission/leave in many cases; defined grounds of appeal (typically error of law or procedural unfairness; factual findings are rarely...

Permission to appeal—hearings, renewed applications and next steps under CPR Part 52: respondents, limited/conditional permission, strike-out/CROs, security for costs, and setting aside permission (England and Wales)

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Practice notes

appeals in contempt proceedings

Appeals arising from contempt are subject to distinct rules. Read this Practice Note alongside Practice Note: Civil contempt proceedings—appeals, purges and discharge.

Determining an application for permission to appeal (PTA) Decision on the papers or oral hearing?

Whether a first or second appeal, permission to appeal is at first determined on the papers (see cpr 52.4(1) and CPR 52.5(1)). An oral hearing of the permission application will occur only in these circumstances:

In the County Court and High Court—where the applicant seeks to have a paper refusal of permission reconsidered at an oral hearing, unless the judge who refused permission without an oral hearing has ordered that the applicant may not request such reconsideration (CPR 52.4(2) and CPR 52.4(3))
In the Court of Appeal—where the judge dealing with the paper application directs that it be decided at an oral hearing (CPR 52.5(2))

Oral hearing—review or rehearing?

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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