Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Control definition

What does Control mean? In legal practice, control describes who ultimately directs a company or undertaking—typically through majority ownership, voting rights or contractual rights to determine management and policy. In the UK, many contracts define Control by reference to section 1124 of the Corporation Tax Act 2010, which looks to the ability to secure that a company’s affairs are conducted in accordance with a person’s wishes, whether through share capital, voting power or other rights (including those of associates). Where a bespoke definition is used, it commonly means the beneficial ownership of more than 50% of the issued share capital...

Romania FDI screening: sectors, €2m threshold, EU/non‑EU investors, €10,000 fee, standstill and penalties, media transparency, and merger control interaction (latest amendments and 2025 RCC Guidelines)

Published by a LexisNexis Competition expert

Practice notes

1. What is the applicable legislation?

The rules governing foreign direct investment are set out in:

Competition Law No. 21 of 10 April 1996, as later amended and republished, most recently by Government Emergency Ordinance (GEO) No. 17/2026 of 13 March 2026 (Competition Law 1996)
Regulation on economic concentrations adopted by Order No. 432/2017 of the President of the Romanian Competition Council (RCC)
Supreme Council for State Defence (CSAT) Decision No. 73/2012 concerning the application of article 46 paragraph (9) of the Competition Law 1996
GEO No. 46/2022 implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/452 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 March 2019 establishing a framework for the screening of foreign direct investments into the Union (FDI GEO 2022), published on 18 April 2022 and approved by Law No. 164 of 31 May 2023, further amended by GEO No. 108 of 29 November 2023, Law No. 231/2024 of 17 July 2024, GEO No. 152/2024 of 18 December 2024, and GEO No. 17/2026 of 13 March 2026
Guidelines issued by the Competition Council on measures to implement the EU FDI Regulation

2. Which government or other body (or bodies) reviews foreign investments?

...

To view the latest version of this document and thousands of others like it, sign-in with LexisNexis or register for a free trial.

Web page updated on 21/05/2026

Popular documents

Using the Judicial College Guidelines to assess general damages in personal injury claims

When evaluating a general damages claim, the practitioner ought initially to refer to the Judicial College Guidelines (JCG)...

Tomlin orders in England and Wales: CPR guidance on drafting, confidentiality, approval, variation, enforcement, limitation, CCA issues, court-specific requirements, sample wording and precedents

This Practice Note This Practice Note reviews mechanisms used in settling litigation. A Tomlin order consists of a consent order paired with a schedule. It operates to stay proceedings on terms that have been agreed. The provisions contained in the schedule may remain confidential. This Practice Note describes the scope of confidentiality attaching to the schedule and sets out how it differs from a standard consent order. Sample wording for a Tomlin order is included, alongside links to precedents, as well as guidance on court approval. It also addresses varying, setting aside and enforcing a Tomlin order, including the considerations the court will take into account when handling applications for each. Further guidance is provided on interpreting and applying the relevant provisions of the CPR; however, some courts and divisions impose very specific requirements for both drafting and approval, and for approaching the schedule and confidentiality issues. Accordingly, you must consider the particular rules and court guide provisions in the forum where your claim is proceeding when drawing up the Tomlin order...

Precedent: Deed of Surrender of Lease with Optional Premium, Settlement and Release, Landlord, Mortgagee and Guarantor Consents, Reimbursement and HM Land Registry Provisions (England and Wales)

Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...

Precedent Statutory Declaration: Standard Wording under the Statutory Declarations Act 1835

I, [ name ], of [ address ], solemnly and sincerely state that: [ Matters to be verified, set out in numbered paragraphs ] I make this solemn statement in good conscience, believing it to be true, and pursuant to the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835. DECLARED at [ details ] this [ day ] day of [ month and year ] Before me ................................................................................ [ signature of the person before whom the declaration is made ] A [ commissioner for oaths OR [ solicitor OR [ insert other qualification ] ] authorised to administer oaths ]...