Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

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Key definition

Rules definition

What does Rules mean? Rules describes the written provisions that govern how a pension scheme operates—especially occupational pension schemes—usually contained in, or annexed to, the trust deed (trust deed and rules). Legislation refers to these as scheme rules (for example, Pensions Act 1995 and Pensions Act 2004 in the UK, and the Pensions Act 1990 in Ireland). Scheme rules set out eligibility, benefit structure (defined benefit or defined contribution), contributions, service and accrual, retirement options and ages, revaluation/indexation, ill‑health and death benefits, transfers in and out, leaver provisions, forfeiture, augmentation, priority on winding‑up, discretions and decision‑making, and the scheme’s amendment and termination powers. They also...

Rome Convention on Contractual Obligations: UK implementation, residual application (1991–2009), interpretation (incl. consumer and employment), and transition to Rome I [Archived]

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Practice notes

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ARCHIVED: This Practice Note is archived and not maintained

The UK is no longer bound by the Rome Convention in international law, following departure from the EU. Nonetheless, the substantive Rules still operate in certain cases—namely where a contract was concluded between 1 April 1991 and 16 December 2009 and meets the criteria required by the Act.

Accordingly, those provisions have been preserved in the C(AL)A 1990, but they are subject to the amendments made by The Law Applicable to Contractual Obligations and Non–Contractual Obligations (Amendment etc) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019, SI 2019/834. For the current position, see Practice Note: Contracts (Applicable Law) Act 1990—application and interpretation.

This Practice Note introduces the Rome (EC) Convention on the Law Applicable to Contractual Obligations 1980 (the Rome Convention), identifying its signatories, the manner of its UK implementation and the reservations entered. It also supplies guidance on interpretation, covering, among other matters, consumer and employment contracts.

To decide whether the applicable law regime under the Convention applies, or whether a different regime applies, consult Practice Note: Applicable law—a guide for Dispute resolution practitioners.

When does the Rome Convention apply?

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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