Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Investors definition

What does Investors mean? In private equity practice, investors are the persons or entities that commit capital to a fund in return for economic returns and contractual rights under the fund documents. In the UK and Ireland, private equity funds are commonly structured as English or Scottish limited partnerships or the Irish ILP; investors typically participate as limited partners (LPs). Investors are mainly institutional: occupational pension schemes, insurance companies, sovereign wealth funds, funds of funds, and university or charitable endowments. High‑net‑worth individuals and family offices also invest, often via feeder, nominee or aggregator vehicles. Some may make co‑investments alongside the fund. The term...

FDI protection via BITs/MITs: structuring, standards, stabilisation clauses, arbitration, sovereign immunity and intra-EU developments

Published by a LexisNexis Arbitration expert

Practice notes

Foreign direct investment (FDI) remains an ever more significant driver within the world economy today, and its importance continues to grow. For multinational groups, and any enterprise hoping to launch operations in another jurisdiction, a key consideration is the legal stability of that location when entering a host market. Careful Investors will wish to be confident their capital is safe and shielded from improper intervention by the host state, both now and in future. Shifts in political or economic conditions can prompt state action that may, directly or indirectly, diminish an investment; in the most severe cases, the nationalisation of industries or sectors may lead to Expropriation of assets (see, for example, Practice Note: Expropriation—investment treaty Arbitration). In those situations, investors might possess rights and remedies arising under the contractual frameworks through which the investment was made, depending on the terms agreed. Often, however, such agreements stipulate that any claims must be pursued in the host state’s courts, or restrict the scope of relief that can be obtained. Accordingly, acknowledging the possible constraints of contract-based rights, prudent investors may structure their Investments to secure an added layer of protection under international law through careful planning. This Practice Note considers the...

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Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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