Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Infringement definition

What does Infringement mean? In legal practice, infringement (of copyright) means doing, or authorising another to do, acts reserved to the copyright owner without permission. It is principally a statutory concept. Across the UK, the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 defines the “restricted acts”: copying; issuing copies to the public; rental or lending; performance, playing or showing in public; communication to the public (including making available online); and making adaptations. In Ireland, comparable rights and restrictions appear in the Copyright and Related Rights Act 2000. Taking the whole work is not required: reproducing a substantial part infringes. “Substantial” is a qualitative test informed by case...

Singapore trade mark infringement under the Trade Marks Act (Cap 332): use, similarity, confusion, well-known marks, defences and enforcement (archived)

Published by a LexisNexis IP expert

Practice notes

ARCHIVED: This Practice Note is archived and no longer maintained. This Practice Note was first prepared for LexisAdvance® Practical Guidance Singapore and addresses Infringement of a trade mark under the Trade Marks Act (Cap 332).

Infringement

A person infringes a registered trade mark when, without the owner’s consent, they use in the course of trade a sign identical with or similar to the mark for identical or similar Goods or services, and that use is liable to confuse the public. Where both the sign and the goods or services are identical to the mark, there is no need to prove confusion. The Trade Marks Act (Cap 332) accords a special level of protection to ‘well-known’ trade marks, regardless of whether they have been registered in Singapore. This will be discussed below.

The requirement of ‘use’

A non-exhaustive list of acts amounting to use of a sign includes:

affixing it to goods or to their Packaging
offering or exposing goods for sale, placing them on the market or stocking them for those purposes under the sign, or offering or supplying services under the sign
importing or exporting goods under the sign

...

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Web page updated on 22/05/2026

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