Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom

Key definition

Arbitration definition

What does Arbitration mean? Arbitration is a private process where parties resolve disputes by one or more arbitrators who issue a final, binding award instead of a court judgment. It is consensual, usually agreed by an arbitration clause, and the law of the seat governs the procedure (lex arbitri). In England and Wales and Northern Ireland, the Arbitration Act 1996 applies. Courts stay court proceedings in favour of arbitration, provide support, and enforce awards; challenges are limited to lack of jurisdiction (s.67), serious irregularity (s.68) and, unless excluded, appeal on a point of law (s.69). In Scotland, the Arbitration (Scotland) Act 2010 provides a similar...

Russia: State immunity in arbitration and enforcement of arbitral awards—framework, exceptions, waivers and key case law

Published by a LexisNexis Arbitration expert

Practice notes

This Practice Note closely explores the function of state immunity in connection with Arbitration proceedings in the Russian Federation. For a concise introductory guide to state immunity and arbitration, see Practice Note: State immunity and arbitration—general considerations. In addition, for further Practice Notes addressing state immunity across a broad range of jurisdictions worldwide (including England and Wales), please see our ‘State immunity’ subtopic: State immunity and arbitration—overview.

State immunity—the Russian legal framework

The Russian Federation (Russia) follows a restrictive, rather than absolute, approach to state immunity. This was not always the position. Russia’s restrictive stance on state immunity took effect on 1 January 2016, when Federal Law No 297-FZ ‘On jurisdictional immunities of foreign state and property of foreign state in the Russian Federation’ of 3 November 2015 (the Law on Immunities) entered into force. The Law on Immunities endorses the international law approach to state immunity. However, the Law on Immunities sets out several notable exceptions and waivers of immunity, which may only be applied to causes of action arising on or after 1 January 2016 (it has no retrospective effect). The Law on Immunities establishes:

three types of state immunity in Russia:
- immunity from pre-judgment measures of constraint...

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Svetlana London

CIS London & Partners LLP

Svetlana London is a dual qualified Russian and English lawyer and the Managing Partner of CIS London & Partners LLP, a London based law firm offering specialised legal advice on all key aspects of law across the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), including Russian, Kazakhstani, Armenian, as well as Ukrainian and Georgian laws. Svetlana has over 19 years of practical professional experience advising corporate and private clients on cross-border transactions with a CIS element. Over the years, Svetlana has offered legal advice on a range of legal matters, including international finance, corporate, commercial, employment, compliance and dispute resolution. She was also selected as a Russian law expert for several High Court of Justice cases....

Angelina Golosova

CIS London & Partners LLP

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCEAngelina is a Senior Associate with CIS LONDON specialising in complex investment transactions and private wealth structuring. She is a dual-qualified Russian and English lawyer with an extensive experience in corporate and finance.Prior to joining CIS LONDON in 2018, Angelina was a managing transactional lawyer at the legal department of one of the major private investment funds where she advised on large M&A, joint-venture and financing transactions and investment projects in media, real estate and natural resources sectors. Angelina was trained as a lawyer at a top-tier law firm.EDUCATIONAngelina holds an LL.M. from the London School of Economics and Political Science. She graduated with honours as a lawyer from Moscow State Law University and also studied law at Jean-Moulin Lyon 3 University in France....

Web page updated on 21/05/2026

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